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精准定位让“黑飞”操作者无所遁形

2017-08-10 07:39:07   中国青年网

管控人员按动电磁枪的按钮,无人机开始下落 央视截屏

近年来,民用无人机在航拍、农林、交通、气象等领域得到越来越广泛的应用,但随之也产生了一系列严重的安全管控问题。无人机未经许可闯入公共及敏感区域、意外坠落、影响客机正常起降、碰撞高层建筑等事件不断发生。近日,记者从无线电管理部门了解到,目前相关部门已经研制出一系列针对“黑飞”无人机的管控技术。

一支电磁枪让无人机“迷路”

记者来到国家无线电监测中心北京监测站,技术人员正在模拟演示对“黑飞”无人机的管控。记者看到,模拟“黑飞”的技术人员将无人机升空,此时管控人员上场。他的设备很简单,就是一支电磁枪。演示开始,管控人员轻轻按动按钮,无人机开始闪烁起了黄色的灯,并开始下落。

国家无线电监测中心频谱技术研究所所长李安平告诉记者,无线电干扰就是发射一个和正常GPS信号类似的信号干扰,使无人机无法知道它在哪儿,即找不着GPS。迫使飞控手无法对无人机进行控制,失去了联系。

记者注意到,无人机受到管制后在下落的过程中还是比较平稳的,那么会不会出现无人机失去导航后乱飞的情况呢?

李安平说,不同技术时期的无人机反应也不尽相同。比如说现在一些知名的厂商出这种会缓慢下降或悬停的无人机。一些早期的无人机失去联系可能就会乱飞或者说跳飞,而现在出的无人机基本都做了保护,一般情况下不会出现跳飞和乱飞。

技术人员还演示了另外一种驱离无人机的方式。

他告诉记者,他们有一个设计的概念,即在一个核心保护区内,有一个探测干扰区,如果说无人机进入他们关注的区域以后,若在自动模式下,无人机进去以后会自动开始探测,探测设备开始发信号后,系统发展并自动进行管制,无人机开始返航被驱离保护区。

监控无人机“定位”黑飞操作者

在对无人机“黑飞”的处理中,一个关键的问题是准确地找到无人机的操作者。而据记者了解,目前对无人机及操作者的定位都有了比较成熟的技术。

技术人员介绍,利用无线电信号监测和识别无人机一直是日常监测工作中的一个难点。无人机使用的无线电信号,通常都是持续时间短,功率小,用传统设备去检测,存在着困难。

国家无线电监测中心北京监测站副站长段洪涛说,无人机使用的频段非常的多,要在这个平台中区分哪些是无人机使用的信号,哪些是其他应用使用的信号,这就存在一定的困难。

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