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25位小朋友后台探秘 感受国粹魅力

2017-08-10 05:01:47   中国青年网

孩子们在省京剧院后台观看演员化妆。本报记者寇宁摄

京剧是什么,生旦净末丑是什么?在孩子的世界里,戏曲和他们的生活离得很远,舞台上的唱念做打,远没有动漫、游戏那么有吸引力。为了让孩子们了解国粹,8月8日,本报联合山西省京剧院,一同举办了“国粹探秘之旅”活动,邀请了25位小朋友走进省京剧院,一同去探究京剧的艺术魅力。

【探秘后台】

了解四大行当和服饰道具

在山西省京剧院演出团书记、国家一级演员魏捷的带领下,孩子们来到梅兰芳剧院的后台参观演员化妆。“大家面前的这位叔叔扮演的是武生,他正在脸上涂白色和黑色的粉彩,你们知道这些脸的颜色代表什么吗?”孩子们谁也不知道“脸色”意味着什么,魏捷忙解释道:“不同颜色的脸代表不同人物的个性。红脸代表忠义、耿直,比如《三国》里的关羽。”此时,一个叫史杨震宁的小朋友迅速说:“我知道黑脸是谁了,应该是张飞、李逵。”在得到老师的肯定后,史杨震宁颇为得意。通过魏捷的介绍,孩子们知道了“生、旦、净、丑”四大行当。

虽说这是戏曲最粗浅的知识,但是通过这样的介绍,孩子们顿时增添了很多的兴趣。

妆容扮上了,服装也得到位。于是孩子们又到了服装组,看着眼前黄灿灿的龙袍,看着镶满珍珠、宝石的龙帽,孩子们都有些吃惊。“这是帽子吗?这是大胡子吗?”孩子们不专业的叫法把老师逗乐了,“京剧里的帽子叫‘盔头’,大胡子叫做‘髯口’。还有,帽子上有两个翎子,你们知道这是谁戴的吗?”“孙悟空!”一个孩子抢答,他还真说对了,因为戴翎子帽的有两种人,一种是少年英雄,一种就是具有神怪色彩的人物。

【走进排练厅】

体验演员训练的艰辛

走进排练厅,来自山西戏曲职业学院的学员正在翻跟斗,一个接一个的跟斗,让参与活动的小朋友们都看惊呆了。

对于戏曲演员来说,练的就是童子功,很多功夫是要从小开始的,每个人的背后都有着十余载的“血泪”训练史。听着魏捷的话,原本窃窃私语的孩子们瞬间安静了,因为他们完全没想到当戏曲演员是件苦差事。

既然要让孩子感受京剧文化,最直观最精彩的就是亲身体验一把。女生跟着学员姐姐学婀娜多姿的身段,男生则要来一段威猛的亮相。孩子们学得很认真,女生右手拿着扇子,左手翘着兰花指,脸上微微露出笑容,右脚后退下蹲,似娇羞的花朵一般。再看男生这边,先要有一个大的云手,脚下要有跨步,紧接着就是有力度的亮相,不仅表情要严肃,手上也要有力道。其实,光是云手就让这些男孩子吃不消了。看戏曲演员演示似乎很简单,但让孩子们去揣摩和学习这些动作,着实不易。

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