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苏轼的魅力来自哪?(时事点评)

2017-08-09 04:35:26   中国青年网

今年是苏东坡诞辰980周年,日前,央视大型人文历史纪录片《苏东坡》甫一播出,就收获了不小的关注。作为一位宋朝文人,竟然能在身后近千年的历史中收获持续不断的关注,直至今天依然热度不减,也是一个颇为有趣的文化现象。

为什么苏轼可以在千年传承中,得到这么多人的喜爱?王国维先生的一句话,或许可作为解释:“三代以下诗人,无过屈子、渊明、子美、子瞻者。此四子者,若无文学之天才,其人格亦自足千古。故无高尚伟大之人格,而有高尚伟大之文章者,殆未有之也。”这句话说得很明白,屈原、陶渊明、杜甫、苏轼,他们之所以能光照千古,不只是作品,更是人格。

苏轼人格伟大在哪?首先是一心为民的情怀。苏轼有着多年的贬谪生涯,然而他并不灰心丧气,每到一地,总想着造福一方百姓。即以登州为例,元丰八年(1085年)苏东坡知登州(今蓬莱)军州事,只有5天时间,即奉调回京。虽然时间很短,但他写成两篇“调查报告”,递交朝廷。一是《乞罢登莱榷盐状》,文章指出:百姓晒盐,必须卖给官府,官府统一发售,贪弊成风,建议盐户自行发售,官府收税。此议被准,百姓得以享此福利。另一篇《登州召还议水军状》,根据登州的边防战略地位,要求修筑工事,加强战备。5天时间,两宗大事。当地民众缅怀他的卓然建树,修苏公祠于蓬莱阁。民众传颂:“五天登州府,千年苏公祠。”因此苏轼去世时,“讣闻四方,无贤愚皆咨嗟出涕”,可见苏轼在百姓心中的分量。

此外,苏轼还有着超然物外、达观豁达的人格魅力。东坡一生任职10多个地州,然而每到一地,他都与当地民众打成一片,自得其乐。在海南,一次东坡得蚝。他将蚝肉浸入浆水,添酒炖煮。又取个头大的蚝肉,在火上烤食。随后写题为《食蚝》的短文,赞不绝口:“食之甚美,未始有也。”告诫儿子苏过切切保密:“恐北方君子闻之,争欲为东坡所为,求谪海南,分我此美也。”可见苏轼的幽默与淡然。他在险恶贬谪之地与民同甘共苦,“试问岭南应不好,却道,此心安处是吾乡”正是他的人生态度。这样有担当、有才华、有魅力的文人,又怎能不受到民众的热爱呢?

今年1月,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于实施中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程的意见》,提出中华优秀传统文化传承发展的主要内容有核心思想理念、中华传统美德、中华人文精神三个方面。而在苏轼身上,正蕴含着令无数读者吟咏不尽的传统文化内涵。《苏东坡》纪录片的热映,也正体现了传统文化鲜活的生命力,很容易就在人们心中唤起共鸣。

无论我们是品读苏轼的诗文,临摹苏轼的书法,或仅仅是看过苏轼的纪录片,恐怕都会收获知识的增益、文化的熏陶、人格的滋养。这就是苏轼的魅力,这也是传统文化的魅力。

(据《光明日报》)

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