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美国学者称非法越界印军应无条件单方面撤出

2017-08-09 10:10:59   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 赵新宇):在中国洞朗地区发生的印度军队非法越界事件至今已持续将近两个月。中国外交部8月2日发布《印度边防部队在中印边界锡金段越界进入中国领土的事实和中国的立场》文件,美国智库学者古普塔7日接受采访时表示,非法越界印方边防部队理应单方面撤出洞朗地区。

《印度边防部队在中印边界锡金段越界进入中国领土的事实和中国的立场》文件是中国外交部首次以文件方式,澄清印军非法越界事件涉及的事实真相和中方立场。位于华盛顿的中美研究中心的高级研究员古普塔表示,中方借此清晰地传达了两条信息,“中国政府想非常清晰地向印方表明,这次的边界对峙与过去4、5年间发生在中印未划定边界地区的越界行为不同,这次是在已划界地区。第二点,印度出现在那一地区是不合法的,中国与不丹或许有边界问题,却不是中国与印度之间的边界纠纷。中国希望明确强调这两点,所以缓解紧张局势的办法就是印度单方面撤出,这不可能用行动换行动来解决,印度必须先行撤出。”

中方立场文件中写明,1890年中国和英国签订的《中英会议藏印条约》,划定了锡金段的中印边界。此次印度边防部队越界的地点就位于中印边界锡金段的边界线上,与中国、印度、不丹三国交界点问题并无关系。印度却在以不丹为借口侵入中国领土,古普塔表示,印度的行为使不丹被尴尬地夹在当中,“不丹没有能力否认或挑战印度,不丹在外交、政治和经济方面都非常依赖印度。同时,不丹又与中国关系友好,不丹不希望对华关系被破坏,结果不丹被夹在中间。中国或许想直接与不丹解决问题,而印度应当首先自行撤出。”

印度作为和平共处五项原则的发起国之一,在对待不丹时却没有做到平等相待。而中国与不丹从上世纪 80 年代开始就通过24轮边界会谈来协商解决边界问题,两国虽未正式划界,但已达成广泛共识。印度作为第三方,当然无权介入,更无权为不丹主张领土。

印度的越界行为其实是在试图改变现状、变无争议区为争议区。即便印度以 “安全关切”作为借口,依旧违反了联合国大会 1974 年通过的 3314 号决议所规定的,不得以任何理由为一个国家的武装部队侵入或攻击另一国家的领土作辩解。

古普塔认为,最近两年中印关系的变化,也对解决当前的边境对峙造成了影响,“我不得不说,印度对双边关系恶化负有更大责任,因此这次中国秉承了更强硬更严厉的立场,以使印度单方撤出。”

古普塔还表示,今年9月份将在中国厦门召开金砖国家领导人峰会,他认为中印边界对峙事件不会影响多边框架下的会议协商,“中印两国还是有共识的,不让双边关系问题影响多边以及金砖国家相关事务。因此我认为,在金砖国家、亚投行、金砖国家新开发银行等层面的合作仍将持续,并保持势头,不会因边界问题被破坏,但从更为广阔的政治形象的角度来说,如果边界问题迟迟没能解决,难免带来阴影。”

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