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从“人、钱、地”入手提升城镇化品质

2017-08-09 07:38:03   中国青年网

目前,全国城镇化率已达57.35%,正在从规模扩张向品质提升转向。在这个过程中,解决好人、地、钱的矛盾尤为关键。在近日召开的由中共中央党校、中国建筑工程总公司联合举办的2017中国新型城镇化高峰论坛上,与会嘉宾共同寻找答案。

人,怎样才能进得来、留得住?在中央党校经济学部副主任曹立看来,必须推进户籍制度改革。“要实现2030年中国城镇化率达到70%的目标,就要帮助进城人口实现几个转变:职业上,从农业人口到非农业人口的转变;地域上,从农村到城镇的转变;身份上,从农民到市民的转变。”曹立认为,未来要重点解决户籍人口城镇化率的问题,让他们进入城市以后能享受依附于户籍的社会服务和公共服务。

地,土地利用效率要如何提高?国务院发展研究中心产业经济研究部副部长杨建龙认为,要做好多规融合的空间规划。“城市拥有自身发展的逻辑关系,从城市功能定位、产业导入、人口聚集再到对城市基础设施提出新的要求,这是一个环环相扣又互相影响的过程。新型城镇化需要把土地规划、城乡规划、产业规划协调起来,形成多规融合的空间规划。”

但杨建龙表示,多规融合目前还不尽如人意,有些地方只是做样子,会议开完,相关报告就被锁进了档案库,还需要探索一些新模式,才能走出这样的怪圈。

钱,应该从哪里来?答案自然是拓宽资金渠道,创新投融资模式。

最近一段时间,PPP模式被大范围推广运用,打破了传统城市建设中政府包办、包赢的模式。“当下的PPP更是政府治理方式的转变,它把市场能做的交给市场,让其通过竞争方式完成。引入社会资本,实现政府与社会资本合作,推动新型城镇化提高质量和效益。”财政部政府和社会资本合作中心主任焦小平说,“在实施过程中,也要注意法律法规、政府与市场边界、风险分担机制等带来的风险。推行PPP的最终目标是建立全国统一、规范、透明的PPP大市场。所以,各级政府和投资人还是要尽快转变只把PPP当融资工具的旧观念为好。”

除了在会场上求解新型城镇化的方程式,会场外的创新实践也未停止。此次论坛会场所在的天津塘沽湾,就在进行新型城镇化建设的探索。这里由天津滨海新区政府提供土地整理授权及相关优惠政策,中建方程投资发展有限公司负责完成从规划设计提升到土地征转、安置房建设、基础设施建设等土地一级开发全过程具体工作,使“生地”成为“熟地”,打造“中建微城市”概念。所谓“微城市”,就是将人、自然、产业有机结合起来,通过生态城市、绿色城市、海绵城市、智慧城市实现规划蓝图,建立相对独立、宜居便捷、和谐美好的城市。“这是一种新模式,希望能够积累可推广的经验。”中国建筑副总经济师、中建方程投资发展有限公司董事长贺海飞说。

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