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新研究揭示肠道微生物抗流感机制

2017-08-09 03:32:02   国际在线

美国一项研究表明,一种名为梭状芽孢杆菌的肠道微生物通过代谢黄酮类化合物,能够帮助小鼠抵御重流感。研究人员在4日出版的《科学》杂志上发表论文称,黄酮类化合物在人们日常消费的红茶、红酒和蓝莓等食物中天然存在,多吃这些食物有助抗流感。

流感对老年人、婴幼儿、孕妇以及哮喘等慢性病患者危害极大。美国疾病预防控制中心数据显示,2004年以来,美国每年平均有113名儿童死于流感。以前有研究表明,肠道微生物可能有助对抗流感。在新研究中,美国圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员希望能找到肠道微生物对抗流感的作用机制。

研究人员对人体肠道微生物进行筛查后发现,梭状芽孢杆菌会代谢黄酮类化合物,产生一种能增强干扰素信号的代谢物——脱氨基酪氨酸(DAT)。他们给小鼠服用了DAT,然后用流感病毒感染它们,结果发现这些小鼠的肺损伤比不接受DAT治疗的小鼠少得多,但其病毒感染水平与没有接受治疗的小鼠基本相同。这意味着,DAT并没有阻止病毒感染,但抑制了病毒对肺组织的损害。

黄酮类化合物一直被认为具有帮助免疫系统抵御感染的作用,而新研究表明,这种化合物可能需要与肠道微生物一起工作,才能保护人免受流感和其他病毒伤害。研究人员指出,黄酮类化合物在日常饮食中很常见,红茶、红酒和蓝莓等食物中就富含这类化合物,因此,在流感季节开始前多吃一些这样的食物很有好处。

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