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东盟各国外长确认与中国达成的“南海行为准则”框架

2017-08-08 14:04:47   央广网

央广网北京8月8日消息 据中国之声《全球华语广播网》报道,日前东盟各国外长在菲律宾马尼拉确认与中国达成的“南海行为准则”(简称“准则”)框架,彰显了域内国家维护南海和平稳定的共同意愿。

昨天中国外交部长王毅在中外媒体吹风会上,用“最实在的进展,最鲜明的对比,和最关心的问题”这三个“最”,总结概括了这次东盟外长会的相关情况。

王毅表示,从中方角度来看,系列外长会最实在的进展是中国和东盟国家通过共同努力,把南海问题重新拉回到通过直接当事方对话协商解决的轨道。

王毅同时指出,系列外长会最鲜明的对比是,在包括中国在内的南海沿岸国都充分肯定南海形势积极向好的同时,南海以外的某些国家却依然停留在过去,视而不见形势发生的积极变化,不想认同中国和东盟共同努力的宝贵成果,甚至还在对外释放消极信息。“我们不禁要打一个问号,是不是有些国家不愿意看到南海局势走向稳定,是不是南海局势进一步的稳定反而不符合这些国家的自身的利益。”

从2002年的《南海各方行为宣言》,到本次东亚合作系列外长会上东盟各国外长确认与中国达成的“南海行为准则”框架,中国与东盟已经就管控南海问题进行了多年的谈判磋商。中国国际问题研究院亚太研究所所长刘卿为总结了这一过程中的4个重要时间节点,而这一次标志着南海行为准则磋商迈上了实际一步。第一个时间节点是2002年11月,中国和东盟各国外长签订南海各方行为宣言,第一份有关南海问题的政治文件。第二个时间节点是2011年的7月,中国和东盟就落实南海各方行为宣言指针达成了共识。第三个时间节点是2017年5月,中国和东盟在贵阳举行的落实南海各方行为宣言高官会议上面,通过了南海行为准则的框架,这个框架的达成具有历史性的意义。中国和东盟国家将就南海的国防行为准则进行磋商,第四个节点中国和东盟外长会议上通过了框架,标志着南海行为准则磋商迈上实际性的一步,将为下一步的准则细则的磋商奠定坚实的基础。

伴随着“南海行为准则”框架获得中国和东盟各国外长的确认,有关细则的下一步的谈判磋商也即将展开。刘卿指出,根据有关方面公开披露的信息,中国和东盟已经就处理海上紧急事态等问题达成了一定共识。王毅部长在接受记者采访当中已经表述,各方对达成南海行为准则的框架感到满意,高度赞赏取得了启动海上紧急事态外交高官热线等早期收获,如何在海上处理紧急事态,有些行为准则行为规则是大家在海上遇到一些突发事件时,能够基于共同的规则,达成共识来管理这些方面的紧急事务。从总的南海行为准则大体框架来看,应该包括在各个方面的权利和义务,紧急突发事件这样一些行为等方面。

除了确认“南海行为准则”框架,本次东盟外长会发表了多份文件,也对中国与东盟的各个领域合作作出了积极表述。刘卿表示,东盟明确表达了希望与中国发展更加紧密的合作关系的意愿。通过这样一些文件,中国和东盟共同来管理分歧,这一次通过“南海行为准则”的框架,标志着中国和东盟建立以规则为基础的危机管理机制的道路迈出了实质性的一步。中国和东盟的务实合作方面、经贸合作方面,中国和东盟在继续提升经济合作水平方面有一些具体的目标,希望到2020年顺利实现双边贸易和相互投资规模,分别达到1万亿美元和1500亿美元的目标,全面实现中国和东盟自由贸易协定的升级版。中国和东盟全面合作有一些新的倡议,中国参与来制定中国东盟伙伴关系的2030愿景,还有中国和东盟在基础设施方面进行对接,这样一些具体的参与方面可以说是在全面铺开,中国和东盟战略伙伴关系已经迈入了全面发展新阶段。

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