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塑料制品降解至少需要200年
2017-08-08 07:35:42 中国青年网
环保小知识
塑料自发明以来,为人们的生活带来了便利,各种塑料制品可以说已成为人们日常生活的必需品,但是随之而来的“白色污染”却成为了世界难题。
“白色污染”是人们对塑料垃圾污染环境的形象称谓,是指人们使用由聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯等高分子化合物制成的各类生活塑料制品后,随意乱扔乱丢,而因为这些固体废物难以降解处理,造成环境污染的现象。
“白色污染”有何危害?省环科院相关专家表示,白色污染主要存在两种危害:视觉污染和潜在危害。视觉污染指的是塑料袋、盒、杯、碗等散落在环境中,给人们的视觉带来不良刺激,影响城市,特别是风景旅游区的整体美感。
潜在危害则是多方面的。比如,在使用中,若温度达到65℃,一次性发泡塑料餐具中的有害物质会渗入到食物中,对人的肝脏、肾脏及中枢神经系统等造成损害。丢弃的塑料制品则会使土壤环境恶化,严重影响农作物生长。据介绍,我国目前使用的塑料制品的降解时间,至少需要200年。如果农田里的废农膜、塑料袋长期残留在土壤中,会影响农作物对水分、养分的吸收,抑制农作物的生长,造成农作物减产。此外,塑料制品几乎都是可燃物,在堆放过程中会产生甲烷等可燃气,若遇明火或自燃,都可能引起损失重大的火灾事故。
该专家建议,市民尽量少使用塑料袋,从我做起,减少“白色污染”。
本报记者 殷鹏 整理
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