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韩春雨论文被撤:论文发表不是科研成果的盖棺定论

2017-08-08 06:03:04   中国青年网

论文中有多少发现和结论符合客观规律,需要重复研究来证实。在没有验证之前,一切都只是“有此一说”和假说,不宜急着奖励,当成真理来膜拜。

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在国内外学者几番公开质疑其可重复性一年后,河北科技大学副教授韩春雨关于基因编辑技术NgAgo-gDNA的论文已由《自然-生物技术》撤销。

《自然-生物技术》在其社论中称:现在,距原论文发表已过去了一年多,我们了解到当初曾报告说初步成功重复出实验结果的独立研究小组,无法强化初始数据,使其达到可发表的水平。在征求专家评审人的反馈意见后,我们判定韩春雨及同事提供的最新数据不足以反驳大量与其初始发现相悖的证据。我们现在确信撤掉韩春雨的论文是维护已发表科研记录完整性的最好做法。

韩春雨论文的被撤销,部分排解了长期以来围绕这一研究课题的争论,但事情远未尘埃落定,科研论文发表和评价的问题值得人们深思。

有意味的是,《自然-生物技术》并未指称韩春雨的论文涉嫌造假,而是论文的结论不可重复。这一结论直指如何看待科研论文的成果。显然,中国科研界与其他国家的认知有着明显差异。在中国,发表论文,尤其是在世界著名期刊或高被引期刊上发表论文就意味着成果。

这在韩春雨论文发表初期表现得特别明显。国内一些媒体和科学界人士迫不及待地称韩春雨的发现“一鸣惊人”,是中国科学家发明了“世界一流新技术”,是“诺奖级别的成果”等,韩春雨也因此获得了很多荣誉。

然而,国外对于许多科研论文的发表只是视为一种假说的提出,一种需要重复验证的结果。对这一点,英国《自然》杂志资深编辑亨利·吉(Henry Gee)表达得特别充分。他认为,科学不是关于真理的,它是关于怀疑的;不是关于确定性,而是关于不确定性的。他甚至这么说:“我们在《自然》上发表的一切都是错的。”人们发表的所有东西,都只是对现实的近似,将来肯定有人会做出更好的东西(来否定目前的结果)。

正是基于对科学研究、论文结果和论文发表的不同理念,才导致了此前对韩春雨论文截然不同的态度和行为方式。把发表论文等同于对科研成果的盖棺定论,也是导致论文发表“大跃进”的原因之一,并且有意无意地诱发了科研行为不端和论文造假。

论文发表大国未必是科研大国和科技实力强国。论文中有多少发现和结论符合客观规律,需要重复研究来证实。在没有验证之前,一切都只是“有此一说”和假说,不宜急着奖励,当成真理来膜拜。

韩春雨团队论文的被撤销,可以促使国人以客观、理性、全面和辨证的观点看待科学研究和论文发表,这才是这一被国内外关注了长达1年多的“科学网红”事件最大的现实意义。

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