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仅设立独生子女“护理假”还不够
2017-08-08 04:02:12 中国青年网
近日,重庆拟立法设立独生子女“护理假”的新闻引发社会关注。记者梳理发现,近年来,已经有包括河南、福建、广西、海南等地出台了类似政策,独生子女“护理假”时间在10到20天不等。(中新社)
近年来,随着第一代独生子女父母逐步进入老年人行列,独生子女如何照顾父母成为社会性难题。包括重庆、河南、福建等在内的多个省份出台了专门针对独生子女的“护理假”政策,无疑是对于该难题的一种正面回应。
在全面开放二孩的时代背景下,原有响应计生政策号召的独生子女家庭,则成了一个相对特殊的群体。现今,正轮到第一代独生子女担负起养老的重任,对于这个群体及其家庭,公共保障上多做一些针对性倾斜和分担,其实也是对过去计生政策承诺的一种兑现。专门为独生子女设置“护理假”,就体现了这种践诺的思维。但仅有护理假,显然还远远不够。
据媒体报道,中国社科院人口与劳动经济研究所人口预测专家王广州,曾运用人口抽查数据和计算机仿真模型估计,2010年全国独生子女的总量在1.45亿左右。而只有一个孩子,使得这些家庭与多子女家庭相比更加脆弱,风险度更高。比如,在养老上,独生子女父母在养老上所面临的不确定性已然更大,而仅有“护理假”显然不足以完全弥补这种不确定性。虽说在全面二孩政策落地之前已经领取《独生子女父母光荣证》的家庭,将继续按规定享受各项计划生育奖励优待政策。但随着时间的推移,以及流动社会的继续深化,独生子女家庭的“特殊性”相对来说,将更为突显,如何让这类家庭享受到等同水平的养老保障,在顶层设计层面恐怕仍需更多投入。
某种程度上,为独生子女专设“护理假”,其最大的意义还不仅仅是假期本身,而在于突显了独生子女家庭的相对“特殊性”,体现了公共政策对这类家庭的应有倾斜与区别对待。这一点在全面二孩时代,尤显必要。当然,如何把这种善意落实好,仍考验着各地的执行力。而之于整个独生子女家庭群体的公共保障而言,依旧还有太多的短板需要补上。
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