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“一带一路”带来港口发展新机遇(开放谈)

2017-08-08 03:33:31   中国青年网

作为“一带一路”的重要节点,港口在“一带一路”建设中有着举足轻重的作用,扮演着“先行官”的角色。中国的港口货物吞吐量和集装箱吞吐量已连续十余年位居世界第一,在国内港口快速发展、港口贸易的支撑下,中国企业不断完善港口标准化体系,提升全产业链服务能力,积累港口建设、投资、经营实力,积极投入到“一带一路”建设当中。

“一带一路”倡议提出以来,中国港口企业“走出去”的步伐变得更加扎实、成绩显著增多。如今,中国港口工程建设企业、勘察规划设计企业、港口机械制造企业等在“一带一路”沿线国家港口建设中均占有一席之地。据统计,中国企业已参与了“一带一路”沿线13个国家、20个港口的经营,港口合作项目不断落地生根。

同时,在传统港口经济增长动能减弱、吞吐量增速减缓的现实背景下,中国港口企业通过参与“一带一路”建设实现了更为稳定的发展。根据上海航运交易所发布的中国港航船企指数,在“一带一路”倡议利好概念下,中国港口企业指数自2015年3月至今长期保持在1200点以上。

未来,中国港口发展还将迎来更多发展机遇。国家发改委和国家海洋局今年6月份联合发布的《“一带一路”建设海上合作设想》提出,推进海上互联互通。通过缔结友好港或姐妹港协议、组建港口联盟等形式加强沿线港口合作,支持中国企业以多种方式参与沿线港口的建设和运营。

今年5月中国发布的《共建“一带一路”:理念、实践与中国的贡献》指出,“六廊六路多国多港”是共建“一带一路”的主体框架,为各国参与“一带一路”合作提供了清晰的导向。其中“多港”是指若干保障海上运输大通道安全畅通的合作港口,通过与“一带一路”沿线国家共建一批重要港口和节点城市,进一步繁荣海上合作。

值得一提的是,在“一带一路”倡议下,中国港口企业的发展不仅带来自身经济效益的提升,也为港口项目所在国带去了实实在在的好处。随着中国企业在海外港口建设中本地化发展的深入推进,大量当地人力资源得到使用,这带动了当地就业,受到了投资所在国欢迎。同时,在建设过程中,中国企业积极贡献中国港口发展经验,推广中国模式、中国标准,“授人以鱼”的同时也“授之以渔”。而在港口建设完成后,这些海港则对当地经济乃至所在国发展起到了巨大的推动作用。

此外,如一些国外媒体、机构所注意到的,在“走出去”的过程中,中国企业不仅仅建造一个港口,还会投资毗连的自由贸易(特别)经济区和一些其他的发展项目。与中国合作,“一带一路”沿线国家会获得一套完整的发展规划。

港口给城市带来了繁荣,并改变着一国的经济面貌,有效支撑着国家经济的持续增长。随着“一带一路”建设的深入推进,中国港口“走出去”迎来了新的发展机遇。同时,中国港口发展的红利,也将惠及“一带一路”沿线更多国家和人民。

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