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阳光城惊现三高风险:高存货、高担保、高融资

2017-08-07 09:32:55   中国经济网

2017年,阳光城扩张脚步也从未停止。

1月,阳光城31.8亿元拿下汉国置业旗下的广州天河区2宗宅地后,5月相继宣布以17.9亿元的价格收购广州广信江湾新城项目、以约29.63亿元人民币收购位于武汉市江汉区香港路的中华城项目A地块。6月1日,公司则宣布收购成都半山艾马仕项目。6月14日,在北京土地出让政策愈发收紧的情况下,阳光城通过收购一次性获取了逾百万方的项目资源,并且收购北京慧诚房地产100%股权。7月,子公司以人民币55,414万元竞得浙江省编号17-49地块(以下简称:“项目地块”)的国有建设用地使用权。

然而,房产(土地储备和项目)毕竟不是那么好消化的,阳光城并购策略直接的结果之一,就是存货大增:2013年末阳光城存货219亿元,2014年末350亿元,2015年末424亿元,2016年末747亿元,占总资产比例始终在60%以上。

而其累积的土地储备也在2016年末达到了2285.2万平方米(土地款743.09亿)。

然而,这么多的土地,这么多的存货,2016年归属母公司净利润12.3亿元的阳光城究竟是怎么囤货呢?

答案或许只有一个,借钱。

2016年,阳光城融资合计高达693.76亿(银行贷款295亿,债券154亿,非银行类贷款245亿)。

据了解,一直以来阳光城通过银行类开发贷、发行债券、信托贷款、基金合作等多种融资渠道进行资金筹集。

在担保计划中,阳光城表示其担保是为了满足公司及公司全资子公司、控股子公司、参股子公司2017年度的融资需求,增强其资金配套能力,确保生产经营的持续、稳健发展。而不论是阳光城的子公司,还是其自身,它的融资需求都是大得惊人。

并购的钱、囤货的钱,阳光城一直保持着高负债高杠杆的生存之道,2014年以来,其资产负债率基本保持在80%以上,而销售毛利率、净利率、总资产报酬率等均在下滑。

有分析人士表示,伴随着阳光城的极限扩张和溢价拿地,其毛利率下滑是必然,而部分资金融资成本较高,也相对削弱了公司的盈利能力。

与此同时,阳光城主要资产的重大变化及原因,也让不少财会人士看得有些“提心吊胆”。

2016年,阳光城的融资净流入大于经营和投资净支出,其应收账款同比大增41%,商誉增长1679%(投资师汇优创教育投资(北京)有限公司增加6000万元)……最显眼的一个数据是,其经营性现金流连续四年为负数。

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