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八家航空公司角逐北京新机场 竞争格局已明朗

2017-08-07 08:02:04   央广网

人民网北京8月4日电 (李易)近日,奥凯航空与首都机场集团公司在京签署《进驻北京新机场运营合作协议》。至此,共有8家客运航空公司确定入驻北京新机场,分别为东方航空、南方航空、春秋航空、河北航空、首都航空、中联航、东海航空和奥凯航空。

记者了解到,位于大兴的首都新机场将于2019年正式投入运行。根据去年7月获批的北京新机场航空公司基地建设方案,航空公司将按联盟划分,国航等星空联盟成员留守首都机场,东航、南航等天合联盟成员整体搬迁至新机场。

今年4月,国家发改委先后发布《关于北京新机场东航基地项目核准的批复》和《关于北京新机场南航基地项目核准的批复》,同意东航和南航在北京新机场的基地建设项目。

其中,东航基地投资总额为132亿元,建设规模为116.98万平方米,计划投放25架飞机。迁入北京新机场后,东航计划全面布局京沪两地航线网络,建成上海—北京的进出通道;同时东航旗下的廉价航空中联航也将进驻北京新机场。

南航基地建设投资总额为147.8亿元,建设规模略为108.89万平方米。对于在首都机场仅占有16%份额的南航来说,搬迁到新机场意味着更大的发展空间和更多国际航线,摆脱了国航的压制,南航引来开疆拓土的好时机。因此南航方面早在2011年5月就宣布了将在新机场建设北京航空运营总部和顾客服务中心的消息。

根据国家发改委的批文,东航基地和南航基地将按照承担北京新机场航空旅客业务量40%的设计目标进行建设。这就意味着,东航、南航两家将瓜分新机场80%的市场份额,余下五家将角力剩下20%的市场空间。

据报道,根据国际机场协会数据,美国亚特兰大机场以超过1亿人次吞吐量位居全球机场冠军,紧随其后的是9400多万人次吞吐量的北京手机国际机场。但由于跑道数量、空余资源等因素,首都机场骑士币亚特兰大机场更为拥堵。首都区域航空业务繁忙,已很难满足现有客运航空的需求。建设新机场将有效疏导首都机场的运行压力,对于新机场和各大航空公司而言则意味着更多的客流量。

首都机场2016年统计的吞吐量为9400万客流,四大航就瓜分了高达93%的市场份额,其他航司以及试图进入北京市场的航司已无力从饱和的北京市场分走更大的蛋糕。

而新机场的计划在2025年达到客流量7200万人次,货邮吞吐量200万吨、飞机起降量62万架次。减去南航、东航80%的份额,春秋航空、河北航空、首都航空、中联航、东海航空和奥凯航空等原本在首都机场仅有小部分份额的航空公司依然拥有巨大的市场空间。

根据北京新机场航空公司基地建设方案,对于整体搬迁至北京新机场运行的主基地航空公司设置4年过渡期,其原有在首都机场的所有国际、国内及港澳台航线航班可全部平移至新机场,同时停止其在首都机场新增航线运营,并将在国际航权、航线航班资源分配、机场收费、首都机场原有资产处置、经营地面服务业务等方面给予支持。

新机场位于大兴区榆垡镇、礼贤镇和河北廊坊市广阳区之间。到天安门直线距离46千米,距首都机场67千米,距离石家庄机场197千米,距离廊坊市中心26千米,距天津滨海机场85千米。

有专家表示,新机场不只是北京的机场,而是京津冀共同的机场。《关于推进京津冀民航协同发展的意见》中明确了新机场的职能,要建成大型国际航空枢纽、京津冀区域综合交通枢纽,与首都机场、天津滨海机场、石家庄机场协调互补,从不同层次满足整个区域协同发展的需求。他认为,打破“一亩三分地”的固有思想,消除地区行政划分的藩篱,新机场带来的不只是交通的便利,更是一次区域协同发展理念的深刻转变。

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