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昆虫雷达监测害虫迁飞
2017-08-07 03:31:25 中国青年网
本报讯(记者 张淑玲)夜空静寂,微风轻拂,在市民惬意享受这夏夜时光的时候,头顶上数百米高空,却随时会有“粘虫”“棉铃虫”“草地螟”等组成的害虫“军团”迁飞。如今,在延庆区农业有机示范园内架起一部昆虫雷达,就像一部“天眼”,严密监控着深夜高空迁飞害虫的一举一动。这是我国植保领域首次研发设置的数字化双模式昆虫雷达。
8月4日晚,延庆区农业有机示范园,一片片葵花已经盛开,一畦畦玉米已吐出红缨,一棚棚有机番茄虽经多次采收仍果实累累。该处气温比城区低5摄氏度,晚霞渐渐隐去,架设在高高房顶上的一个白色大圆球内,昆虫雷达开始扫描。
站在雷达天线室前,市植物保护站博士张智介绍,该部雷达兼具“垂直”“水平”双模式于一体,对深夜高空进行扫描,“雷达开始运转前,天线可停在任何位置。开启后,控制系统会自动检测天线位置并进行校正。在自动模式下,雷达可进行‘水平’扫描,天线仰角可按设定角度值不断抬升,直至竖直向上,处于核心位置的‘馈源’,转起来可每分钟达300转。”张智称,雷达可利用昆虫自身的“回波”,用模式参数计算出迁飞害虫的数量、体型、飞向、高度等,并形成监测数据。
在昆虫雷达观测室内,计算机屏幕上,正以“蓝”“红”“绿”三种不同颜色,显示出计算机自动计算出来的昆虫数量及飞行方向等信息。相关数据显示:在距离雷达2.7公里处714米的高空,方位为288.1度、仰角15.1度处,一昆虫“军团”正呈“哑铃”形飞过。“延庆可向京津冀农业等相关部门提前预警,供农业部门指导农民,及时采取措施处理。”张智称。辅之以昆虫雷达,该园区内还设置了“高空探照姊妹灯”“太阳能杀虫灯”“性激素诱捕灯”等数十种诱捕害虫设备。
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