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让“非遗”焕发活力

2017-08-05 06:36:44   中国青年网

奉永成

前不久,笔者出差湘西,趁机逛了一下凤凰古城。在古城的一块空地上,几个非遗传承人正表演“拿手绝活”,有土家族织锦、苗族银饰锻制、泸溪傩面具、凿花剪纸等。既有产品展示,也有现场表演,吸引了众多游人的目光。

在人们眼里,这些非物质文化遗产项目都是难得一见的“绝活”,一些游人停下脚步,想看个究竟,开开眼界;也有一些游人对“非遗”商品爱不释手,当即购买。

客人的兴趣以及商品购买人数的多少,最能显示商品在市场中的生存能力。“非遗”项目及其商品也不例外。在现场,有的“非遗”项目表演台前被围得水泄不通。如凿花剪纸,表演者如变戏法一样,用一把剪刀,在几分钟内剪出了一幅精美的作品,并在现场进行装饰,将剪纸贴在桌子上,或者挂到游客的背包上,让游客喜爱有加,当即购买。但有的“非遗”项目虽然历史悠久,文化底蕴深厚,但展现方式并不吸引人,其独特的工艺,普通人在短时间内也很难领略其精妙,自然提不起兴趣。

“非遗”既是先祖遗留给后人的宝贵财富,也是民族生存、认同、发展的重要标识。历经千百年留存下来的“非遗”项目,要保护起来,并继续传承下去,既要保留其传统工艺和文化精华,还要与时俱进,创新发展,使其在市场上焕发活力。

没有保护的传承会使“非遗”项目的民族文化走样,而没有创新的传承同样会使“非遗”项目走入绝境,最终在人们的视线中消失。近几年,一些“非遗”项目由于无法与市场对接,传承人迫于生活压力,放弃手中“绝活”的例子不在少数。

当下,“非遗”项目不仅要保持自己的独创性,还要因势而变,借助市场的力量传承下去,孤芳自赏只能导致后继无人;只有在市场上焕发活力,得到社会的认可,才能一代一代地传承下去。

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