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内蒙古精准施策产业扶贫助推经济转型

2017-08-04 22:34:43   央广网

向春玲 中央党校科社部社会发展理论教研室教授

中国网/中国发展门户网讯 为迎接党的十九大的召开,2017年7月26日至27日,中央在北京召开了省部级主要领导干部专题研讨班,习近平总书记作了重要讲话,从党和国家发展全局高度,从理论和实践、历史和现实相结合的角度,对新发展理念作出了深刻阐释,讲到了很多新思想、新战略、新挑战、新突破。在讲到深化改革时,习近平指出,抓住重点带动面上工作,是唯物辩证法的要求,也是我们党在革命、建设、改革进程中一贯倡导和坚持的方法。要学会唯物辩证的思维解决社会发展中的重大问题。抓住重点就是要抓住重点带动面上工作,通过抓好发展战略重点带动发展全局。

精准扶贫是我们党的历史使命,是我们全面建成小康社会的底线目标,是我们必须完成的一项政治任务。当前,各级党委政府正在积极实施精准脱贫来实现全面小康。在调研中发现,一些贫困地区通过抓住精准扶贫这个重点,在农村进行基础设施扶贫、产业扶贫,住房扶贫、教育扶贫、医疗扶贫、金融扶贫、思想扶贫、技术扶贫、电商扶贫、生态扶贫等等,整合资源,全面推动了整个地区乡村治理由传统社会向现代社会的转型;有的地区通过产业扶贫创新和产业结构调整,实现农牧业供给侧改革,有力地推动了当地经济的整体转型和社会转型。这些做法和效果正是习近平总书记在谈及改革时所要求的抓住重点带动全面在精准扶贫工作中的体现。

认识和把握我国社会发展的阶段性特征,这是习近平总书记在多次讲话中所强调的。内蒙古自治区土地辽阔、资源丰富,有“东林西矿、南农北牧”之称,草原、森林和人均耕地面积居全中国第一,同时也是中国最大的草原牧区。从全国来看,内蒙古为中国大陆6个步入高收入阶段和工业化后期阶段发展水平较高的省级单位之一,2012年,人均GDP突破1万美元大关;目前的经济发展速度仍然在全国排前位。但是,随着近些年畜牧产品价格的下滑和多年未遇到的干旱,使得内蒙的畜牧业发展受到前所未有的冲击和挑战。前所未有的挑战也带来前所未有的产业转型的机遇,这种情况倒逼从事畜牧业的牧民配合政府进行艰难的产业转型。他们通过调整畜牧产业内部结构、调整农牧产业结构、实现一二三产业融合发展,加快自治区农牧业供给侧结构改革,实现牧区的经济转型和社会转型。

第一,产业转型首先要思想转型。牧民祖祖辈辈都是从事养牛、养羊、种草等传统畜牧业生产活动。可是当前的形势发展需要牧民放弃传统的畜牧业方式,向现代畜牧业发展;需要牧民定居,并且在房前屋后种菜、种果树,发展庭院经济;要牧民重新学会养猪、养鸡、养羊、养鸭、养鹅技术,实现家庭收入的稳定……,这是草原牧区产业转型的一场革命,是牧区经济发展和社会转型的千年之变局,可是这么艰难的转型落在这批牧民的身上,这对于政府来讲是一个重大的历史课题,也是精准扶贫工作在内蒙、在草原必须面对的巨大的挑战和考验。为此,他们首先坚持思想引领,向贫困户讲清楚当前产业发展、牧民增收面临的严峻形势,讲清楚产业转型的重要性;大力宣传“扶贫先扶志,致富先治心”的脱贫理念,鄂温克旗四大班子领导带头深入基层,通过巡回宣讲、沟通交流、挖掘典型等一系列举措,广泛宣传当前各级扶贫政策、转产转业先进典型和脱贫攻坚的阶段性成果,引导贫困户转变思想,化解模糊认识,树立正确观念,积极配合产业转型。调动贫困农牧民想脱贫、能脱贫的积极性和主动性,增强贫困户产业脱贫的信心.

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