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老电梯“看病难”,难就难在“没医保”

2017-08-04 07:12:13   中国青年网

左岸花园

仙林苑12幢第一台电梯改造升级工作已经完成,剩下的另外一台预计这个月28日也将入场改造。

人会老,电梯也一样。

如今,杭城最早一批高层建筑的电梯已经迈入了“超10岁”甚至“超15岁”的阶段,就好比进入身体衰退期,设备、零件、线路等不断老化,电梯故障率不断提高。

有一个真实的台量比:100台电梯,正常故障率是7.8台。但如果这100台都是老电梯的话,故障台量可能超过15.5台。

在老电梯进入爆发期的现阶段,杭城多处住宅小区正在进行电梯的更新换代,这种做法也正在得到更多业主的认可。最适合老旧电梯的路到底在哪里?是大修还是改造换新?改造率这么低的原因又是什么?掣肘在哪里?钱报记者再追问。

超十年,故障率明显增高

这些电梯到底存在哪些让人忧虑的结点?今年3月,杭州市质监局公布2016年电梯使用情况“白皮书”:

从使用年限上看,电梯使用年限与故障率呈正比,在故障数据统计中4~6年的电梯故障数较少,电梯安全性、稳定性最好;超过10年,故障率明显提高,截至2016年底,杭州超过10年以上电梯故障报警3940起,台量比15.5:100,是平均数的两倍。

他打了一个比方:如果有100台电梯,发生故障的电梯大约是5台;而如果这100台电梯都是10年以上的,那么就有10台电梯发生过故障。尽管“白皮书”没有对15年以上老电梯进行专门的故障台量比列举,但可以肯定的是,情况只会更加严重。

“上世纪90年代末,杭州的小高层、高层出现,电梯量增加。” 杭州市质监局特监处处长李顺荣说,之后杭州电梯的保有量逐年增加,其中不少电梯的使用年限超过了15年。“老电梯数量的增加是一个必然现象,随着年份的推进,老电梯也势必会进入一个爆发期。”

10-15年,或许是故障拐点

负责左岸花园电梯升级改造的容创电梯有限公司副总经理范巨象告诉钱报记者,一般来说,使用第一年是电梯的磨合期,故障可能会稍多些,随后进入相对稳定期,一直持续到第5年。5年以后随着部件开始老化,故障率又开始上升。到了10—15年,是一个拐点,故障率会一下子往上涨,需要对核心部件进行一次升级改造才能保证安全运行,“当然,每部电梯的使用环境、频率、保养情况都不一样,不能一概而论。不过,这几个节点基本上是一个比较普遍的规律。”

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