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揭秘在建规模世界第一大水电站

2017-08-04 04:34:18   中国青年网

图为航拍的白鹤滩水电站建设工地。

赵 昀摄(新华社发)

横断山区,山高谷深,奔腾而过的金沙江蕴藏潜力巨大的水能资源。8月3日,装机规模世界第二大、在建规模世界第一大水电站——中国三峡集团白鹤滩水电站主体工程全面建设,金沙江再添一座千万千瓦级巨型水电站。

为何要建这样一个巨型水电站?能够发挥什么效益?工程建设克服了哪些世界难题?中国三峡集团相关负责人进行了解读。

发电、防洪、航运,经济社会效益显著

白鹤滩水电站坝址位于四川省凉山彝族自治州宁南县和云南省昭通市巧家县交界处。据规划,水电站大坝将于2021年5月下闸蓄水,同年首批机组投产发电,全部机组将于2022年底建成投产。

中国三峡集团董事长、党组书记卢纯介绍,作为仅次于三峡工程的世界第二大水电站,白鹤滩水电站是西部大开发的重大基础性工程,可在发电、防洪、航运、促进区域经济协调发展上发挥重要作用。

发电效益巨大。水电站工程装机总容量1600万千瓦,电站多年平均发电量624.43亿千瓦时。在满足四川、云南两省的用电需求基础上,还将成为国家能源战略布局“西电东送”的骨干电源点。在同等满足电力系统用电需求的情况下,每年可节约标煤约1968万吨,减少排放二氧化碳约5160万吨,减少烟尘年排放量约22万吨,环境效益显著。

为保长江安澜增添砝码。在金沙江的4个梯级水库中,白鹤滩的库容最大,用于防洪调度的库容可达75.0亿立方米。白鹤滩工程建设部副主任陈文夫说,白鹤滩的建成,扩大了长江水库群联合调度的“朋友圈”。可实现拦洪削峰,大大缓解宜宾、重庆等城市的防洪压力。

可以创造航运条件。水库建成后,常年回水区全长约145千米,使得大坝上游水道加深,流速加快,为发展地方航运创造条件。未来可实现水陆联运,充分开发金沙江下游航运资源。

对区域经济发展有重要意义。据介绍,直接用于水库枢纽建设和库区建设的资金超过1700亿元,能够拉动相关行业投资,增加就业机会,促进地方经济发展。另外,水库建设改善了周边的交通等基础设施条件,能助推群众脱贫致富。

坝高、谷深、洞多,建设难度世界级

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