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全国建立破产法庭90家 破产案件“启动难”得到有效缓解

2017-08-03 17:39:53   

中国网8月3日讯(记者胡永平)截至今年上半年,全国法院的清算与破产审判庭,从2015年初仅5家的基础上增至90家,地域覆盖全国23个省市自治区。与此同时,2016年,全国新受理破产案件数量比2015年上升53.8%,破产案件启动难问题得到有效缓解。 今天上午,最高人民法院举行新闻发布会,介绍法院依法推进审判工作,妥善处理“僵尸企业”的有关情况。最高人民法院民二庭庭长贺小荣表示,“通过健全破产案件审判组织,破产案件审理速度明显加快”。2016年全国审结破产案件3602件,比2015年上升43.4%,今年1-7月,审结破产案件1923件,比去年同期上升28.3%。 贺小荣介绍说,“僵尸企业”连年亏损、资不抵债,主要靠政府补贴和银行续贷维持经营的企业。由于“僵尸企业”长期占用大量土地、资金、原材料、劳动力等社会资源,导致生产要素扭曲配置,社会资源的整体利用效率大大降低,企业之间的债权债务关系长期处于僵持、待定和中止状态,社会资源的流转和增值被中断,而“僵尸企业”存续又需要通过银行和财政不断输血,造成银行不良贷款不断叠加,地方政府债务负担加重,极易导致系统性金融风险的发生。因此,下决心处置“僵尸企业”,是进一步深化供给侧结构性改革的关键之举,也是人民法院破产审判工作承担的一项重要职能。 为了正确处理好国有资产保护、金融安全维护、职工安置和再就业保障等一系列问题,最高人民法院于2016年5月下发了《最高人民法院依法开展破产案件审理积极稳妥推进破产企业救济和清算工作的通知》,强调以市场化、法治化为方向,建立和完善破产审判三大工作机制,推进“僵尸企业”处置工作。 贺小荣说,对于能够救治的困境企业尽量挽救,对于不具救治价值或救治无望的企业,果断通过破产清算实现市场出清,防止债务风险累积引发更多风险和危机。贺小荣向记者介绍到,云南煤化工集团有限公司及其下属四家企业系列破产案件,通过重整程序,有效化解集团债务危机,集团650亿元负债中约500多亿元得到实际清偿,摆脱了沉重的债务负担。同时,企业还实现了产业结构调整,有效去除过剩产能,集团旗下关闭煤矿18家,清理357万吨/年的过剩煤炭产能,为企业后续健康发展奠定了基础,取得了良好的法律效果、经济效果和社会效果。另外,审理比较成功的还有中国第二重型机械集团公司、江苏舜天船舶股份有限公司、深圳市福昌电子技术有限公司等一系列企业破产案件。


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