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东南亚国家纷纷购置潜艇的三大动力

2017-07-24 14:37:13   国际在线

中国外贸潜艇(资料图)

近年来,南海这个沟通太平洋和印度洋的枢纽海域由于其地理位置的重要性日益成为地缘政治领域的热点。最近,这个热点又开始升温。

日媒称,东南亚各国正纷纷以采购潜艇为中心,努力增强海军实力。据共同社7月20日报道,泰国除第二次世界大战前后外,从未拥有过潜艇。但今年4月,泰国内阁决定采购1艘中国制潜艇,并于近期与中方签署了采购合同。这是一款常规动力潜艇,售价135亿泰铢(约27亿人民币)。泰方还计划再采购2艘,3艘总价约达360亿泰铢(约72亿人民币)。报道称,新加坡5月与德国造船巨头蒂森克虏伯海事系统公司签署了2艘潜艇采购合同。这是继2013年决定采购的2艘潜艇后的又一动作,表明了扩充海军实力的姿态。此举目的在于守护海运大动脉、左右国家命运的马六甲海峡的安全。笔者认为,东南亚国家之所以投入大量的人力、物力、财力打造水下力量的原因主要有三个。

第一,潜艇在现代战争中的重要性是促成了东南亚国家大肆购买的原因。伴随军事技术的进步,潜艇这种古老而又年轻的武器在面临挑战的同时,也正焕发着青春。

在战争中,潜艇遂行以下主要任务:破坏和搜索敌境内的地面目标;搜索和消灭敌潜艇;搜索、跟踪和消灭敌航母、其他水面作战舰艇、登陆舰船队、护航运输队和单艘运输船只;摧毁敌海上油气设施;布设水雷;进行侦察,为舰队突击兵力导航并为其提供目标指示;运送侦察群上岸;保障对远洋水域的舰队兵力实施指挥;提供战役导航、水文地理和水文气象保障;在远洋、远海水域救援飞行员、舰员和降落的航天器乘员;运送人员和物资;运送特种部队上岸。

潜艇的主要战斗特性是:具有使用导弹、鱼雷和水雷武器的通用性,能够与各类敌人作斗争;行动隐蔽,在对敌目标实施突击时,能够独立、顺利地遂行所赋予的任务,同时保持高度的战斗稳定性;独立作战能力强,能够及时展开并长期处于战斗行动水域,在世界大洋任何水域,包括北极地区实施战斗行动。潜艇还能够担负一些非军事使命任务,例如海洋科学研究、抢救财物、勘探开采、科学侦测、维护设备、搜索援救、海底电缆维修、水下旅游观光、学术调查等。随着水滴形安静化艇型、低噪声螺旋桨、低噪声机电设备、浮筏、舱筏、柔性接管、AIP、消声瓦等一系列技术静音技术广泛用于潜艇的制造,其噪音更小,战斗威力更大,因此也就更加受到东南亚国家的青睐。

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