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可可西里被列入世界遗产名录

2017-07-11 08:14:02   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 葛修远):近日,在波兰 克拉科夫 举行的第四十一届世界遗产委员会会议上,中国青海可可西里自然保护区被列入世界自然遗产名录。这对于一直在致力于保护这块净土的人们来说,可以说是一个莫大的安慰,而这也被认为是进一步加强对当地自然环境保护的新契机。

7月7日,在波兰举行的第41届联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会会议上传来好消息,地处青藏高原腹地的可可西里正式列入世界自然遗产名录。可可西里成为中国第51个,也是中国面积最大的世界自然遗产地。

消息传来,无数为可可西里坚守的人们,为之激动不已。可可西里巡山队员才索加对记者表示:“世界自然遗产取得成功,对我来说,是特别荣耀的事情。这个成绩来之不易,希望外界人士关注可可西里。”

可可西里位于青藏高原东北部,在蒙古语里,是“美丽的少女”之意。该区域是全世界受人类影响最小的区域之一,也是世界上荒野景观保存最为完美、最为典型的地区。2014年 ,青海正式启动可可西里申报世界自然遗产工作,可可西里环境综合整治和保护管理设施规划建设等工作全力推进。2016年10月1日《青海省可可西里自然遗产地保护条例》正式实施,中国最大的无人区获得立法保护。

为了给可可西里申遗和三江源国家公园建设提供水文支撑,青海省水利厅联合长江水利委员会长江科学院对可可西里国家级自然保护区库赛湖、海丁诺尔、盐湖等6个重要湖泊和长江源生态环境进行考察,填补了该地区水文水环境数据缺乏的空白。青海省水文水资源勘测局总工程师 李其江介绍说:“可以说,我们初步认识了可可西里河湖的一些基本特征,今后我们会加大对可可西里地区河湖工作力度,为今后我们保护可可西里,更好地认识可可西里,奠定比较好的基础。”

2017年,世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)对青海可可西里申报世界自然遗产项目发布专家技术评估报告,建议将青海可可西里申报世界自然遗产项目列入《世界遗产名录》。世界自然保护联盟认为,可可西里拥有超出人类想象的非凡自然美景,其得天独厚的高原生态系统宏伟壮观,拥有广袤的草原,高耸的皑皑雪山和成千上万各色各样的湖泊,保存着完整的藏羚羊在三江源和可可西里间的迁徙路线,支撑着藏羚羊不受干扰的迁徙。

此次可可西里申报世界自然遗产总面积共600万公顷,其中提名核心区面积370万公顷,外围缓冲区面积230万公顷,涵盖了可可西里保护区全境以及三江源国家级自然保护区的一部分。

可可西里今天的安宁,得益于众多因为对野生动物和自然环境的热爱而常年坚守在无人区的可可西里人。索南达杰达杰保护站站长赵新录,在可可西里从事保护工作20多年,虽然在巡山过程中多次遇到猛兽袭击、被困无人区等险情,但是为了守护这片净土,他们从未选择退缩,“虽然我们辛辛苦苦打起来的营地,被棕熊破坏了,我心里感觉不到恨这个动物,还觉得比较高兴,因为我们这么多年的保护,说明棕熊的种群数量多了。我们有责任保护好这片净土,让这片净土成为野生动物的乐园。”

按照《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》操作指南,可可西里未来将得到更为严格的保护,腹地九成以上的区域将被作为严格意义上的荒野保护区。而当地政府也承诺,不在遗产地范围内为根除小型哺乳动物鼠兔采用毒杀行动,不强制安置或迁移遗产地缓冲区的传统牧民,不在任何时候许可或提倡遗产地内会威胁到动物迁徙路线的围栏活动等等。申遗的成功,将成为可可西里这片净土得到进一步保护的新契机。

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