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“巴勒斯坦世界难民日”系列报道:自强不息的难民营女孩鲁黛娜
鲁黛娜家 摄影:孙伶俐
国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 颜旭 孙伶俐):根据联合国近东巴勒斯坦难民救济和工程处公布的数字,目前登记注册的巴勒斯坦难民共有500多万,其中很多一直生活在条件艰苦的难民营中。在20日“世界难民日”前夕,本台驻耶路撒冷记者前往巴勒斯坦约旦河西岸北部山城纳布卢斯,走访了难民营女孩鲁黛娜的家。
艾因•贝特麦难民营 摄影:颜旭
鲁黛娜的家位于纳布卢斯西北部的艾因•贝特麦难民营,她是家里6个孩子中最小的女孩。面对生活的磨难,鲁黛娜一直求学不辍,渴望通过学习改变自己的命运。
鲁黛娜工作的美容院 摄影:孙伶俐
鲁黛娜说:“我是鲁黛娜,今年24岁。我学习社会学,已经大学毕业。为了能有更好的未来,找到更好的工作,更好地教育自己的孩子,更好地步入社会,我现在继续上研究生。因为对我来说,本科文凭是不够的,我希望有更好的生活。”
鲁黛娜在工作中 摄影:孙伶俐
鲁黛娜告诉记者,她爷爷原本居住在美丽的地中海古城雅法。1948年第一次中东战争爆发后,以色列军队强行把他们赶出了家园。几经辗转,最后落脚在艾因难民营。最初,难民营里都是简易帐篷,慢慢盖起了砖房。随着人口增多,就在原先的房顶上逐渐加盖,如今变成了一座3层小楼。鲁黛娜全家和叔叔一家近20人都挤在这栋小楼里。难民营中简易楼的间隔都非常近,鲁黛娜家与邻居家的小过道只有一米宽。鲁黛娜的爸爸今年55岁,从出生到现在一直生活在难民营里。他对记者说:“难民营的生活就像一场悲剧,一无所有。即使到现在,依旧日复一日遭受磨难。就像你看到的,难民营每天的生活都是悲惨的。各种救济中断了,情况变得更糟,一无所有,没有工作,没有希望。”
纳布卢斯本身的失业率就很高,作为难民营里的孩子就更难找到工作,哪怕是一份又脏又累的重体力活。鲁黛娜的兄弟姐妹中,只有两个哥哥有相对固定的工作,其余的都失业在家。还有一个哥哥,因为参加反抗以色列的活动,至今仍被关在监狱里。鲁黛娜的大哥沃伊勒今年34岁,每天外出到建筑工地上打工,每月只能挣大约300-400美元。因为家里穷,至今还没结婚。他说:“我曾是圣城开放大学社会学专业的学生,学习历史、地理等。但是父亲干不动了,我不得不辍学工作,担起养家的责任。这就是生活的艰难吧。日常生活花销是最沉重的负担,食物、衣服对于我们来说都很贵,情况没有改善,只是变得更糟。像外国政府有社会保障,向贫困家庭和失业者每月给予低保,我们却什么都没有。在纳布卢斯的生活困难重重,我们只能生活在贫穷中。”
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