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2017年全球创新指数报告发布 瑞士蝉联第一中国排名第22位

2017-06-16 10:18:53   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 张婧昊):当地时间6月15日,世界知识产权组织在日内瓦发布2017年全球创新指数报告。报告显示,瑞士今年仍是世界上最具创新力的国家,中国在全球排行榜上升至第22位,是前25名中唯一的中等收入经济体。报告还着重探讨了农业和粮食系统的创新,强调农业领域的创新有助于养育世界不断增长的人口。

由康奈尔大学、英士国际商学院和世界知识产权组织联合发布的2017年全球创新指数显示,瑞士位列全球创新排行榜榜首,接下来是瑞典、荷兰、美国和英国,中国排在第22位。世界知识产权组织总干事弗朗西斯•高锐当天在日内瓦召开新闻发布会上指出,瑞士近年来在创新领域保持领跑角色,而中国是前25名中唯一的中等收入经济体:“瑞士连续七年位居排行榜榜首,表现非常出色。我们看到,中国排名再次提升,由2016年第25位上升至今年的第22位。2016年,中国首次成为进入前25名的中等收入经济体。”

据该报告统计,在今年的全球创新指数中,从地区来看,排名前25名的全球经济体中有15个在欧洲。欧洲在人力资本和研究、基础设施、商业成熟度方面的优势尤其突出。此外,印度已跃升为亚洲新兴的创新中心,撒哈拉以南非洲在发展方面的创新也表现优异,拉丁美洲和加勒比地区有待把握机遇,提升创新能力。

报告还显示,发达国家和发展中国家在创新能力方面的差距继续拉大,无论是在政府层面,还是在企业层面,发展中国家的研发活动都增长乏力。高锐表示,在越来越依赖于知识的全球经济中,创新是经济增长的引擎,但需要更多的投资来助力创新研发,创新有助于保持经济长期增长。

康奈尔大学约翰逊商学院院长苏米特拉•杜塔对此也表示,要想缩小创新差距,首先必须帮助新兴经济体了解其创新优势和劣势,制定适当的政策和指标。十多年来,全球创新指数一直在为此努力。苏米特拉•杜塔说:“发展中经济体必须着重于政策和投资策略,以减少与发达经济体之间的差距,因为差距是真实存在的。同时我们也看到一些国家成功缩小了差距,我们需要在世界各地更广泛地缩短差距。”

2017年全球创新指数的主题是“创新养育世界”,探讨在农业和粮食系统进行的创新。据预测,今后几十年,全球粮食需求量巨大,对有限自然资源的竞争更加激烈。此外,粮食生产还要适应并帮助缓解气候变化。农业方面的创新对提高维持这一需求不可或缺,也是帮助巩固“粮食系统”网络的关键所在,这个网络整合了可持续的粮食生产、加工、分配、消费和废物管理等环节。

英士国际商学院全球指数执行董事布鲁诺•朗万指出,需要限制和减少土地和能源的使用压力,而做到这一点,创新是关键。现在已经看到“数字化农业”在世界各地兴起并快速发展,包括无人机、卫星传感器和农田机器人技术,然而技术层面的创新还远不够。布鲁诺•朗万说:“(‘数字化农业’)是一个好兆头,但其本身无法消除饥饿问题,我们需要从‘数字化农业’转向‘智能农业’。将此二者结合是关键,创新不仅仅是技术创新,创新是一种心态。”

朗万表示,目前迫切需要“智能农业”来优化供应链和分配链,并需要创造性地开发新型商业模式,以最大限度减少对土地、能源和其他自然资源的压力,同时满足世界上最贫困人口的需求。

全球创新指数自2007年起每年发布,其核心部分由全球经济体创新能力和结果的排名组成。报告使用从专利申请量到教育支出等数十种指标,对大约130个经济体进行调查,帮助决策者了解创新活动的情况。

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