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为什么我们需要监管数字货币

2017-06-12 13:00:16   

技术进步推动的犯罪、洗钱和恐怖主义从行为上越来越难以被侦测与阻止,全球应对机制的缺失更加剧了这种局面。

只要犯罪存在利益动机,其行为就可以通过货币的方式进行追踪,保证货币的可追踪可能是我们面对不断兴起的运用科技手段在全球搭建非法和犯罪网络的最后堡垒。如果我们放任基于加密技术的数字化货币游离于监管系统之外,所有的努力都将功亏一篑。

全球决策者需要联手启动对数字货币的监管,也应该从中吸取教训,正是公众对当前信用货币体系的担忧才造就了数字货币滋生的土壤。数字货币像一面镜子,能反射出问题,然而却绝非解决之道。

正如苹果公司CEO库克最近在MIT的演讲所忠告的那样:人类需要担心的不是机器越来越像人类,而是人类越来越像机器。人性、人类和经济社会的秩序需要公平和有远见的规则和监管的守护,尽管这些规则本身很难完美。

 1.被打开的潘多拉魔盒

科技的进步使大部分人感受到再无隐私可言,个人信息、喜好、去向、消费无一不暴露在数据中心面前。人们在享用因此带来的便捷和无所不在的服务同时,也开始感到不安,却又无可奈何。

2017年5月全球爆发的大规模WannaCry(又称WannaDecryptor)勒索病毒向我们展示了硬币的这一面带来的可怕未来的冰山一角。

WannaCry让人们以新的视角关注网络犯罪和基于分布式网络的数字货币比特币,也第一次让很多人听到了暗网(darknet)的存在。

这件事情可以简单归纳如下:

一种政府开发的“网络武器”被匿名的黑客窃取,被窃取的网络武器流入到暗网从而再难被追踪;一个(或者几个)人以匿名的方式从暗网取得(或者购买了)该网络武器去攻击全球的电脑,并且勒索一定量的加密且难以被查清去向的数字货币;在一定程度上这种攻击失去了控制,以至于大量的公共设施成为了被袭击的目标,而在普遍的认识里,只有国与国之间的网络战才会涉及这些目标,聪明的犯罪者会尽量避开这些目标从而避免被激怒的政府猛烈的反击。

2.暗沉水下的网络世界:表层网络、深网和暗网

勒索病毒让暗网成为了一个新的流行名词,那么这究竟是什么?

我们将现实世界的网络分为表层网络(SurfaceWeb)和深网(DeepWeb),而暗网则是深网中的一部分。

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