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伊朗总统鲁哈尼赢得连任 下一任期考验刚刚开始

2017-05-22 08:10:11   新华网

伊朗内政部官员20日宣布,现任总统哈桑·鲁哈尼在总统选举中获胜,赢得连任。

在伊朗人眼中,鲁哈尼是一位善于韬光养晦的政坛高人。对国际社会来说,鲁哈尼温文尔雅背后藏着老辣手腕,略带一丝神秘色彩。纵观鲁哈尼的履历就会发现,他的才能横跨政治、军事、外交领域,能打仗、会周旋,一度执掌和西方的核谈判,成功缓和双方关系,但因强硬派上台而被迫蛰伏,直至四年前伊朗因长期制裁经济凋敝而改弦更张。

那一年,鲁哈尼轻松夺得总统宝座,伊朗一改艾哈迈迪-内贾德时代的“反西方”面孔,最终成功达成全面核协议。其间,鲁哈尼温和、实用的执政理念显露无疑:好斗无益于伊朗人民,关键时刻要审时度势,既保护自己的利益,又能灵活务实地应对问题。

此次鲁哈尼胜选,意味着伊朗人选择了继续与西方改善关系的国家走向,借力外部环境发展经济改善民生。成功带领伊朗走出孤立的鲁哈尼,却尚未带领伊朗走向经济繁荣。下一任期对他的大考,随着胜选,也才刚刚开始。

儒雅的“军事能人”

鲁哈尼1948年11月出生于伊朗索尔赫市。1973年,他进入军队服役两年。伊朗宗教领袖霍梅尼1979年领导伊斯兰革命推翻巴列维王朝后,对伊朗武装部队进行改组。一直追随霍梅尼的鲁哈尼奉命参与对伊朗军队的整顿与管理。

凭借出色的组织力和领导力,鲁哈尼脱颖而出,成为伊朗新政权中一个举足轻重的人物。鲁哈尼的军事才能深受霍梅尼的重要助手、时任伊朗议会议长拉夫桑贾尼的赏识与信任。鲁哈尼1980年进入议会,先后出任议会国防委员会主席、外交政策委员会主席和第一副议长等,被认为是拉夫桑贾尼的得力助手。

1980年至1988年两伊战争期间,鲁哈尼长期担任与军事相关的职务。1986年两伊战争进入最后阶段,鲁哈尼被任命为伊朗空军总指挥。1987年初,拉夫桑贾尼发布“卡尔巴拉-5”作战命令,鲁哈尼在他身边。在鲁哈尼的履历中,“伊朗最高国家安全委员会秘书”是他出任过的一个极为重要的职务。

从1989年拉夫桑贾尼出任总统开始,到2005年哈塔米卸任总统,两位总统共四届任期,鲁哈尼在这个位置上稳坐16年。值得一提的是,伊朗最高国家安全委员会是伊朗最高军事领导和决策机构,委员会日常工作都交给秘书来负责。所以,鲁哈尼直接管理、运营伊朗最高军事机构长达16年之久,军事才能可见一斑。

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