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欧盟委员会上调2017年欧元区和欧盟经济增长预期

2017-05-12 11:16:48   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 史靖洪):欧盟委员会5月11日发布春季经济展望报告说,因欧洲经济增长加快,该委员会决定上调今年欧元区和欧盟经济增长预期。

欧盟最新发布的春季经济展望报告说,欧盟经济进入第五个复苏的年头,预计今明两年都将保持稳步增长,而且所有成员国的经济都将实现增长。报告预测,2017年和2018年欧元区经济将分别增长1.7%和1.8%,欧盟整体经济也将在未来两年保持1.9%的增长率,略高于或与今年2月份发布的冬季展望报告中的数据持平。欧盟经济和金融事务委员莫斯科维奇当天在新闻发布会上表示:“第一条信息是个好消息:虽然面临来自政治和地缘政治等方面不确定因素的挑战,但欧元区经济连续进入第五个增长的年头。此外,这是第一次,我们预计所有的欧盟成员国无一例外地将在2017和2018年实现经济增长。”

他还说,欧盟经济能持续复苏,主要得益于协调统一的货币政策、不断增强的市场和消费者信心,以及逐步好转的国际贸易环境。

欧盟委员会的预测报告显示,受国际油价回升的影响,欧元区通货膨胀率在最近几个月出现明显上涨,但去除能源及未加工食品价格因素之后的核心通胀率仍将保持长期稳定。欧盟预测,欧元区通胀率将从2016年的0.2%上升至2017年的1.6%,并有望在油价企稳的背景下于2018年回落至1.3%。

与此同时,失业率总体保持下降趋势,但一些成员国的失业率仍在高位徘徊。报告预测,欧元区的失业率明年将下降至8.9%,从而达到自2009年欧债危机爆发以来的最低水平。欧盟的整体失业率也将在今年降至7.7%,成为自2008年以来的最低值。莫斯科维奇在新闻发布会上说:“2016年欧元区的就业率提高了1.4%,是8年来的最好表现。以下几个因素将促使今年和明年创造更多的就业机会,包括国内需求增长,工资相对温和增长,以及一些国家进行了改革,采取具体的政策措施。”

报告指出,欧盟及欧元区财政状况也进一步改善,预算赤字及公共债务水平将继续下降。莫斯科维奇特别对希腊的财政状况进行了说明。他说,2016年希腊的基本预算盈余达到国内生产总值的4.2%,比国际债权人设定的目标3.5%高出 0.5%。莫斯科维奇强调:“考虑到盈余和接下来的财政年度,我们仍然相信希腊的基本预算盈余在2017年可以达到国内生产总值的1.75%,2018年达到国内生产总值的3.5%。这也是为什么欧盟委员会呼吁希腊和相关伙伴迅速展开工作,尽快完成对希腊第三轮救助的第二次审查。”

自2015年7月希腊第三轮救助协议达成以来,为希腊设定怎样的基本预算盈余目标,就成为欧元区债权人和国际货币基金组织争论的焦点之一。欧元区对希腊在2018年救助计划结束后继续达到3.5%的目标充满信心,而国际货币基金组织认为希腊仅能完成1.5%,并且至今仍未参与到希腊第三轮救助计划之中。分析人士认为,希腊超额完成基本预算盈余,将有助于希腊第三轮救助计划继续进行。

值得一提的是,欧盟的经济展望报告预计,除去欧盟,今年全球经济增长率将达到3.7%,而这主要得益于中国经济近期所表现出的强劲韧性,以及日用品价格回升有助于新兴经济体出现经济增长。而在风险与挑战方面,欧盟认为经济复苏面临的最大不确定因素将是英国脱欧谈判、美国经贸政策以及地区紧张局势等等。

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