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从运十到C919 中国距离大飞机之梦再进一步

2017-05-06 06:51:14   国际在线

国际在线消息(记者李晋):5月5日,承载着中国大飞机梦想的C919型喷气式客机在上海浦东国际机场成功首飞,从二十年前下马的“运-10”项目,到首架投入运营的支线客机ARJ21,再到如今首次飞上蓝天的国产大飞机C919,中国的大飞机研制走过了怎样的道路?。

“现在我宣布,C919大型客机首飞圆满成功!(掌声)”

5日下午,随着C919大型喷气式客机以稳健的姿态降落在上海浦东国际机场的第四跑道,中国商飞董事长、C919大型客机项目总指挥金壮龙宣布C919首飞成功。在现场欢呼庆祝的人群当中,一位耄耋老人满面红光,分外引人注意,他就是中国最早大型客机“运-10”项目的副总设计师程不时:“我非常兴奋非常高兴!能看到C919的首次起飞,跟在场的几千人心情一样,非常地欢心,非常庆幸!”

程不时老人对记者说,在首飞一鸣惊人的C919身上,他看到了多年前“运-10”机型的影子。上个世纪70年代初,当空中客车公司的首款客机A300还在襁褓之中时,中国的第一个大型喷气式客机“运-10”项目已经悄然上马。经过数十万科研工作者长达十年的艰难攻关,机械与航电系统国产化率超过96%的“运-10”在1980年试飞成功,成为那个时代中国航空业的骄傲。程不时说,作为制造我国大型飞机的尝试,“运-10”做了很多年后被验证了的技术决策:“比如发动机的安装方式,‘运-10’是采用机翼下面下挂发动机,当时引发了争论,但是经过长期飞行,这证明是完全正确的,现在世界的潮流也是如此。再比如‘运-10’在机身设计上采用单通道的客舱布局,经过调查研究,结合中国今天航空空运的发展实际,单通道飞机还是需求量最大的。”

但遗憾的是,由于资金不足等问题导致的重重阻碍和我国工业基础薄弱的现实,“运-10”最终没能进入量产,悄然下马。但是在程不时老人看来,接近于成功的“运-10”为今天的C919打下了宝贵的基础:“‘运-10’有很大的作用,促使中央相信,中国是可以做大飞机的,如果没有‘运-10’的实践,恐怕还缺乏信心,这个信心是‘运-10’飞行和研制成果给广大人民群众信心。(通过这个项目)培养了人才,积累了技术 ,建立了基地,都是我们今天开展C919项目的基础。”

对此,商飞返聘总工程师毛荫风持有相同的看法。“上飞厂最早是一个飞机制造修理厂,通过‘运-10’才变成飞机制造厂,经过到MD82,md90,ARJ,到今年的C919和未来的宽体,已经成为了中国最有竞争力的民机制造企业,文化和精神确实是一代代传下来的, 最根本一点是对航空事业的执着。”

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