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吊装误差1.5厘米史无前例 港珠澳桥隧道完成“海底穿针”

2017-05-04 13:48:53   

图:5月2日,“振华30”起重船吊起港珠澳大桥海底隧道最终接头,准备放置到预定位置/新华社

大公网5月3日讯(记者方俊明)港珠澳大桥海底隧道“最终接头”2日顺利吊装着床,并进行对接,完成难度极高的“深海之吻”。大桥岛隧项目总部表示,重达6000吨的“最终接头”是中国首次使用的“三文治沉管结构”,吊装误差只允许在1.5厘米以内,堪称“海底穿针”,在全球交通领域上史无前例。在“最终接头”吊装成功之后,将进行系列焊接止水、混凝土浇筑工序,大桥有望在6月底实现岛隧工程暨主体工程全线贯通。

作为目前全球最长的海底隧道,港珠澳大桥5664米的海底隧道是由33节巨型沉管连接而成,而“最后接头”吊装的便是距全线贯通仅剩的12米之处。大桥岛隧项目总工办主任高纪兵表示,与其他已安装的沉管管节不同,“最后接头”是一个巨大的楔形钢筋混凝土结构,顶板长12米,底板长9.6米,截面宽37.95米,高11.4米,重达6000吨,是中国首个钢壳与混凝土浇筑的“三文治”梯形沉管结构,像个楔子一样把沉管隧道连为一体。

吊装误差1.5厘米史无前例

“考虑风力、海流、浮力等多种因素,误差只允许在1.5厘米以内。”大桥岛隧项目总工程师林鸣介绍,也就是说,接头要在安装位置上方始终以1.5厘米的平面误差缓慢下沉实现对接,“这在世界交通领域是史无前例的,无异于‘海底穿针’”。

2日早7时20分许,“最终接头”由世界最大单臂全旋回起重船“振华30”起吊。约1小时后,“振华30”完成90度转向开始沉放。经过多次调整、校对,9时40分许,最终接头完全没入水中,因浮力影响,接头在水下的重量仅有1400吨。随即,潜水员入水检测,之后接头继续下放,目标是29米深的海底、E29和E30沉管之间最后12米的位置。至11时35分,接头距离海底基床只剩3米,至12时成功着床。

“最终接头”着床后,进入水下的沉降检查和姿态调整。至下午16时许,接头底部间距检查完毕;潜水员下水进行测量,确保接头精度;至18时30分许精调结束。紧接着,在世界首创的“小梁顶推”技术作业中,最终接头与两端沉管逐步对接。

保15天紧张焊接滴水不漏

据了解,“最终接头”内藏的27个“千斤顶”同步向两侧伸展,压着两侧的E29和E30沉管,当中的三道防水带将为海底隧道作临时止水。而海底隧道的永久止水则需靠连接最终接头与两侧沉管的钢接头,工人须于15天内完成钢接头焊接。在深海的环境下作业,工人焊接钢接头的作业空间只有80厘米左右,四面墙、几百公斤一块的钢板全要靠人工完成,设备无法进入,因此难度极高。

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