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今晚夜空上演超级月亮 下次要等到2018年

2016-11-14 03:55:43   北京晨报

北京晨报讯(记者 韩娜)今晚的夜空将迎来“超级月亮”。这是进入21世纪以来,月亮距离地球最近的一次满月,看起来比平常大14%、亮30%。不过,北京天文馆馆长朱进在接受北京晨报记者采访时说,北京市民能否看见超级月亮还要看老天的“脸色”,如果是晴天,对于摄影爱好者来说,是个捕捉圆月靓照的好时机。

“超级月亮”是一种较为常见的天文现象,在天文上的准确称谓为“近点朔望月”。它是指新月或满月时期,月球与地球间距离较平常更近。

月球绕地球转动的轨道呈非标准椭圆状,因此月球和地球之间的距离并不恒定。月球与地球之间的平均距离约38.4万公里,最近35万多公里,最远40万公里左右。当月球处于“近地点”时就有可能发生“超级月亮”,所以这一现象其实是比较常有的。

根据太阳月亮地球的运行规律,超级月亮大约经历14个朔望月(约413.4天)出现一次。超级月亮上一次发生在2015年9月28日,下一次将出现在2018年1月2日。而且超级月亮与地球的距离,不同年份可能会相差几千千米。而根据美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的测算,恐怕要等到2034年,月亮才会如今夜这般如此接近地球。

但值得一提的是,今晚的“超级月亮”运行到近地点后2小时内就会变成满月,因此看起来会比普通的“超级月亮”更大、更亮。

根据测算,本次满月将出现在格林尼治标准时间11月14日13时52分,也就是北京时间21时52分。最佳观测时机是月亮刚升起或快落下时,尤其当月亮从地平线升起的时候,有地球上的房屋树木作为对比,可欣赏“超级月亮”。

不过,朱进指出,虽然今晚的月亮被称超级月亮,不过普通人的肉眼很难看出超级月亮和一般满月的区别。如果想看出超级月亮到底大多少、亮多少,需要专业的观测设备拍下照片和平时的月亮进行对比。

另外,有专家指出,“超级月亮”可能会给地球带来一些影响,因为月地距离变迁带来的引潮力变化——“超级月亮”发生时月亮的引潮吸力会比平时更大。

原标题:今晚夜空上演超级月亮 下次要等到2018年

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