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重庆14岁童养媳产女频遭家暴 专家:涉嫌被强奸(图)

2016-05-27 09:04:56   澎湃新闻网

2000年,12岁的马泮艳被嫁给了29岁的陈学生。

人民网北京5月27日电(记者刘茸)10多年前,重庆市巫山县双龙镇的马泮艳三姐妹被监护人卖作“童养媳”,多次出逃失败,并相继生下子女。2016年,年仅28岁却已有一个14岁女儿的马泮艳起诉要求离婚,并希望追究“丈夫”在自己还是幼女时强奸自己的法律责任,却被派出所民警告知案件已过追诉期。

此事经京华媒体报道,迅速引起舆论关注。马泮艳的婚姻到底合不合法,“丈夫”甚至“童养媳”的问题能不能在现有法律框架内得到解决?有律师告诉记者,这篇报道昨天一大早就被转发到业界同行群内,并引发了不少讨论。

事实:12岁即出嫁,14岁生育,派出所认为是婚内事不受理

根据目前报道,2000年,只有12岁的马泮艳被当时的监护人、大伯父马正松“嫁给”29岁的陈学生。马泮艳说,马正松在此交易中得到了3000元的抚养费,而婆家则说给了7000元钱和500斤大米,但双方对于这笔婚姻有财物交换的事实都没有异议。

“嫁”过去之后,马泮艳被陈学生强迫发生性关系并且被殴打,去双龙镇派出所报案,但派出所从马正松处获知她已嫁到陈家,认为此事是家庭纠纷,就没有受理。

律师意见:当事警察涉嫌玩忽职守

刑法专家、律师许昔龙认为,根据现行刑法第236条规定,无论以什么理由与不满14岁的“童养媳”发生性关系,均以强奸罪从重处罚,马泮艳在2000年时才12岁,比她大17岁陈某强行与她发生性关系,已涉嫌强奸罪,当马泮艳向派出所报案求助时,派出所以这是“家庭纠纷”为由没有立案侦查,当事警察放任了违法犯罪行为,没有正确履行职责,已涉嫌玩忽职守罪。

“在司法实践中即便是‘婚内强奸’,也有被判刑的,更何况马泮艳当时只是一名需要特别保护的幼女?”他指出。

清华大学法学院副院长张建伟教授也持类似观点,他认为公安机关应启动责任追究程序,对当初应立案而不立案造成被害人持续受害的责任人,进行追责。

事实:希望重建家庭,却发现自己“被结婚”

因报案失败回到“家”中的马泮艳,多次被殴打和软禁,曾连续三次逃跑都没有成功,并在2002年和2007年分别生下一女一子。直到2008年第四次逃跑时,由于已经生下儿子,被婆家认为“完成任务”而不再强行追回,她才重获自由。

希望重新建立家庭的马泮艳在2011年发现,自己当初的事实婚姻,却不知何时有了法律上的名分:档案显示她在2008年20岁时与“丈夫”陈学生登记结婚,但她称自己从来没有办理过任何手续、签署过任何文件。

2016年5月4日,马泮艳正式向巫山县人民法院提起诉讼,要求法院判决自己和陈学生离婚。

专家意见:应选择离婚还是主张婚姻无效?有分歧

张建伟教授认为,这种“婚姻”并不符合合法婚姻的条件,马泮艳应当直接向民政部门主张婚姻无效。许昔龙也认为,相关部门应彻查责任人,撤销这个违法的婚姻登记程序,但对于非婚生子女,马泮艳仍有法定抚养的义务。

天驰洪范律师事务所合伙人、婚姻家庭法专业律师杨晓琳则从操作层面认为,马泮艳还是应该走离婚程序:“在婚姻法的实践中,可撤销的婚姻通常只有被拐卖的妇女受胁迫结婚,后经公安机关解救返回家中,并在一年之内提出撤销的这种情形。”

他指出,实践中的婚姻登记程序瑕疵是相当常见的,很难用这一点主张婚姻无效,特别是马泮艳在几年前已经发现了自己“被结婚”,却没有马上提出撤销,如果进入行政复议或司法程序,这一点有可能会被视为对婚姻事实的认可,“去告原来的婚姻登记机关,很难赢。”

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