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工程院院士陈清泉:禁售燃油车要分步走 可先在北上广深试点

2017-09-15 07:46:56   中国青年网

“禁售传统燃油车,未必是全面禁用燃料、禁用内燃机,只用电动机、用电驱动汽车。”

9月14日,在第四届APEC车联网研讨会及2017MMC智慧出行体验周上,有“电动车之父”称誉的中国工程院院士陈清泉,在接受澎湃新闻专访时表示,燃油车仍有不可替代性,新旧能源更迭尚要靠市场决定。

此前的9月9日,工信部副部长辛国斌在某论坛上公开表示,目前工信部启动了停止生产销售传统能源汽车时间表的相关研究,也将会同相关部门制订我国的时间表。

对此,有解读称有关部委有意对燃油车“一刀切”,全面推行电动化。

中国工程院院士陈清泉。东方IC 资料图在陈清泉看来,这或许存在误读。他认为,目前汽车燃料正在逐步提高油品质量,同时,包括乙醇汽油在内更多环保的生物能源,可以逐步替换柴油、汽油;另一方面,内燃机能量转化效率高,使用方面,稳定性好,在某些特定领域,不可替代性依然很强。

现年80岁的陈清泉,原籍福建省漳州市,出生于印度尼西亚的马吉朗市,是知名电力驱动和电动车专家。

除了中国工程院院士,陈清泉还是美国电机电子工程师学会院士(IEEE Fellow),英国皇家工程院院士,乌克兰工程科学院院士,匈牙利工程院荣誉院士。

“电池的能量密度存在上限,较难突破,最好的办法是将内燃机与电机相融合”

陈清泉被称为电动车之父,他提出了电动车研究核心和总体指导思想,将汽车技术,电机技术,电力驱动技术,电力电子技术和现代控制理论有机地结合起来为现代电动车学奠定了基础。

关于电动车与燃油汽车的比较,陈清泉认为,各有优劣,要结合具体使用场景做分析。燃油汽车的加燃料时间短,行驶里程长。燃油汽车在大型载重、物流领域不可替代性很强。固然,电动汽车能量转化效率高、动力性好,但电池的能量密度远低于生物能源,行驶里程受限,想跑长途就得叠加电池组,增大车重;即便快充,依然需要数十分钟,降低了商业用车的经济效应。

虽然可以通过换电、无线充电、电池技术革新等弥补上述问题,但陈清泉认为,电池的能量密度存在上限,较难突破。

关于燃油和新能源在汽车上的应用,陈清泉认为,最好的办法是将内燃机与电机相融合。

他举了一个例子,2016年,初创车企泰克鲁斯?腾风就曾尝试研制出一款增程式混合动力汽车,车身采用了一款飞机用的燃气轮机发电,再由车载电池驱动汽车。

公开资料显示,这款汽车最大时速可达350公里,油箱加满后,续航里程达到了2000公里,理论百公里油耗为0.18L。

中国电池技术与世界领先电池技术的差距正在逐步缩减,毕竟中国新能源汽车用得最多,经验最多,进步最快。陈清泉对于中国电动车技术实力充满信心,目前主流三元材料电池能量密度在200Wh/kg。清华大学的一支科研团队,通过技术改良,采用仿生蜂窝结构代替传统的平板结构,加上运用新材料,使得能量密度达到了800Wh/kg。

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