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信用贷或将受捧 上市公司股权质押融资变形记

2017-09-13 07:41:42   中国经济网

本报记者 张晓琪

上市公司股权质押新规的征求意见稿发布后,相关机构将部分质押比例“超标”上市公司的股东列为目标客户,积极为其推介替代融资方案。多位券商机构业务人士告诉中国证券报记者,目前主要替代方式是信用贷,虽然资金成本远高于股权质押,但操作手续较简单,预计以往依赖股权质押的很多融资需求将转向信用贷。此前在股权质押业务中仅分得小块“蛋糕”的银行有望受益。

寻找替代方式

“新规实施后,此前依赖股权质押维系资金链的上市公司股东受冲击最大,以前他们常用新一笔质押接续到期的前一笔质押。未来上市公司整体质押比例将封顶在50%,如果超过‘红线’,股权质押到期后无法接续,相关股东将有较大的融资需求。”一位券商机构业务人士表示,这部分融资需求将转向别的地方,给机构创造新的业务机会。

某股份制券商投行人士表示,股权质押新规的征求意见稿发布后,一些较敏锐的券商已列出目标客户名单,即整体质押比例接近或超过50%的“红线”且资质满足券商风控要求的上市公司的股东。这些券商积极接触相关股东并推介替代融资方案。

“我们有一套严格的风控要求,主要是找一些因为大股东收购等资本运作导致质押比例较高、整体资质较好的企业,基本面较差、不符合资质要求的公司肯定不会碰。”某券商人士表示,现在提出的替代融资方案主要是信用贷,如果借款额度在3亿元以内,利率在10%-15%之间。信用贷的优点是操作比较简单,通常不需要抵质押等增信措施,经过尽职调查后半个月左右就能够放款。

与股权质押大约6%的利率相比,信用贷的资金成本较高,以往很长一段时间并不吃香。某股份制券商投行人士表示,此前减持新规出台后,券商出于股票流动性顾虑,对股权质押更趋谨慎,具体表现为质押率降低,信用贷作为替代方式逐渐受到青睐。预计未来质押新规发布后,一些无法依靠股权质押得到满足的融资需求可能求助于信用贷,业内普遍认为下半年信用贷业务量将增多。

银行有望受益

根据质押新规的征求意见稿,单一证券公司、单一资管产品作为融出方接受单只A股股票质押比例分别不得超过30%、15%。

券商人士表示,出于风控要求,单一券商质押比例大多不会达到30%这么高的集中度,但还是有少部分比较激进的券商触碰“红线”。新规将加剧股权质押“拼盘”的趋势,即单一股权质押找多个机构组合、分流,以满足监管要求。

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