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擅自进行墓葬发掘 未及时上报重要发现——国家文物局回应汤显祖家族墓园遗址考古工作涉嫌违规一事

2017-09-12 20:11:24   中国经济网

新华社北京9月12日电 题:擅自进行墓葬发掘 未及时上报重要发现——国家文物局回应汤显祖家族墓园遗址考古工作涉嫌违规一事

新华社记者施雨岑

8月底,江西省抚州市对外发布汤显祖家族墓园遗址考古工作成果,引起了社会广泛关注。与此同时,这次考古行动是否符合相关规定、是否“突破”了国家文物局此前对本次考古划定的“红线”,也引起了公众的广泛关注。国家文物局文物保护与考古司考古处副处长张凌近日就这些问题接受了记者专访。

“今年4月,国家文物局批复了汤显祖家族墓园遗址2017年度考古工作方案,明确提出‘发掘应在充分调查、勘探的基础上进行,发掘对象应为墓园内相关建筑和附属遗迹,不能涉及汤显祖墓葬本体’。”张凌说,但有关考古单位在开展考古工作的过程中未严格按照批复意见实施,存在着擅自发掘墓葬本体、重要考古发现未及时上报等问题。

张凌分析说,一方面,当地相关考古单位错误理解国家文物局的批复精神,已经清理到一些墓葬券顶。对于墓葬,不能说没有打开墓门就不算发掘。另一方面,在取得了一些考古发现后没有上报,在对外发布消息前没有与国家文物局进行沟通,都不符合工作要求。

“一般来说,地方在有重要考古发现时都会上报国家文物局。国家文物局视情况进行指导,确保考古工作更加科学有序。尤其是一些情况较为复杂的考古工作,如发现大型车马坑、丝织品等等,需要增加出土文物保护、科技考古方面的专业力量,更需要及时介入。”张凌表示。

此外,对于考古的新闻发布,张凌认为,报道的方向和切入点至为重要。“从国家文物局的角度,我们从不主张主动发掘名人墓葬,希望公众关注文物的保护、历史文化以及艺术价值,所以更加强调新闻发布时的导向和关注点,避免炒作。”她说。

据介绍,国家文物局已于8月31日正式约谈江西省文物局、抚州市人民政府,并正式致函江西省文物局,明确要求进一步查明核实汤显祖家族墓园考古工作过程中所发生的擅自进行墓葬发掘、未及时上报重要发现等情况,并尽快将相关调查及处理意见正式上报国家文物局。国家文物局对此事件中存在的违法违规行为将严肃追究相关单位和人员的责任。

“我们会继续关注汤显祖家族墓园遗址考古和保护工作,督促地方尽快落实后续保护措施。国家文物局将视工作进展情况组织专家指导墓园的考古发掘和文物保护工作,将这一重要的文物研究好、保护好。”张凌说。

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