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国务院法制办负责人就《宗教事务条例》修订答记者问

2017-09-07 20:06:44   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网北京9月7日讯(记者 李万祥)新修订的《宗教事务条例》(以下简称《条例》)将于2018年2月1日起施行。日前,国务院法制办负责人就《条例》有关问题回答了记者提问。

问:请简要介绍一下《条例》修订的背景和起草过程?

答:《宗教事务条例》(以下简称原《条例》)自2005年3月1日起施行。原《条例》施行12年来,规范了宗教事务管理,维护了宗教界合法权益,在服务改革开放和社会主义现代化建设方面发挥了重要作用。近年来,随着国际国内形势的深刻变化,宗教领域出现了一些新情况新问题,给宗教事务管理提出了新的课题和要求。党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视宗教工作,强调对宗教事务的依法管理。2016年,习近平总书记在全国宗教工作会议上指出,要提高宗教工作法治化水平,对宗教界反映强烈、社会普遍关注、工作中急需解决的问题作出明确规定。这些都迫切要求进一步修改完善原《条例》,使宗教事务管理的相关制度更加完善。

国家宗教局于2016年6月向国务院报送了《宗教事务条例(修订草案)(送审稿)》。国务院法制办收到此件后,多次征求有关部门、各省级人民政府、各全国性宗教团体以及专家学者的意见,并向社会公开征求意见,会同国家宗教局赴地方进行调研。在此基础上,国务院法制办会同国家宗教局等部门对送审稿反复研究、修改,形成了《宗教事务条例(修订草案)》。2017年6月14日,国务院常务会议审议通过了修订草案,2017年8月26日,李克强总理签署国务院令公布《条例》,自2018年2月1日起施行。

问:《条例》修订的着重点是什么?

答:《条例》修订主要着眼六个方面,具体来说就是“两维护”、“两明确”、“两规范”。两维护,即维护公民宗教信仰自由和宗教界合法权益、维护国家安全和社会和谐。两明确,即明确宗教活动场所法人资格和宗教财产权属、明确遏制宗教商业化倾向。两规范,即规范宗教界财务管理、规范互联网宗教信息服务。

问:《条例》在维护公民宗教信仰自由权利和宗教界合法权益方面作了哪些规定?

答:《条例》第六条规定各级人民政府应当为宗教团体、宗教院校和宗教活动场所提供公共服务;第十四条、第二十三条明确了宗教院校和宗教活动场所的法人资格;第十六条明确了宗教院校教师取得职称和学生取得学位的制度;第三十二条规定地方各级人民政府应当将宗教活动场所建设纳入土地利用总体规划和城乡规划;第三十四条增加了维护景区内宗教活动场所和信教群众合法权益的内容;第三十八条明确了宗教教职人员开展公益慈善活动受法律保护;第三十九条规定了宗教教职人员依法享有社会保障的权利;第四十九条、第五十条规定了宗教团体、宗教院校和宗教活动场所的财产权属;第五十二条明确了宗教财产收益的用途;第五十三条规定了任何组织或者个人捐资修建的宗教活动场所,不能享有所有权、使用权,不得从该宗教活动场所获得经济收益,禁止以宗教名义进行商业宣传;第五十五条规定宗教团体、宗教院校或者宗教活动场所房屋被征收时,可以选择货币补偿、房屋产权调换或者重建,等等。

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