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联合国粮农组织呼吁为小型渔业提供支持和保护

2017-09-07 06:51:50   中国经济网

经济日报纽约9月6日电 (记者朱旌)由联合国粮农组织发布的《小规模渔业准则:全球实施》报告说,希望全社会为包括个体渔民在内的小规模渔业遇到的挑战提供保障。

报告显示,人类所食用的海洋鱼类产品有三分之二由个体渔民捕捞,他们中的许多人使用原木雕凿的独木舟或固定的海滩围网捕鱼,这些传统方法有利于当地的生态和社会环境,但这些渔民在竞争中往往处于劣势地位。

报告指出,小规模渔业技术远非过时的方法。这种生产方式能够极好地适应当地的生态和社会环境。导致小规模渔业难以参与竞争的原因,是监管框架通常会忽略小规模渔业或只针对大型商业船队。报告为此还提供了从格陵兰到桑给巴尔共30多个案例研究,论述了小规模渔业涉及的包括性别和可持续资源利用等各种问题。

粮农组织表示,该报告是一份有关《粮食安全和扶贫背景下保障可持续小规模渔业自愿准则》实施进展情况的初步报告。该准则于2014年通过,旨在增强渔业部门1亿多人的生计,扩大他们对全球粮食安全和营养的贡献。

粮农组织表示,需要通过在贸易、环境、旅游及社会和经济发展等方面开展部际合作来实现政策一致性,以保护世界贫困及边缘化个体渔民的权利和生计。权属权利是涉及小规模渔业的一个重要问题,为此,该准则强调,在制定权属权利时,应当考虑当地小规模渔业的复杂性。

粮农组织指出,新出现的挑战是如何确保个体渔民继续享有进入海洋保护区的权利,因为有些保护区禁止一切捕捞活动。另一方面,应当认真考虑如何在保护海洋资源与保护弱势群体的生计和粮食安全之间作出权衡。

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