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我国商业航天向产业化发力

2017-09-05 06:45:41   中国经济网

预计到“十三五”末,以航天科工为代表的近150家企业将入驻园区,实现年产值300亿元。这些领域的优势企业将在武汉国家航天产业基地里大有作为。

“互联网+”创新思路

“跨界”“融合”“互联”“共享”——在“互联网+”时代,航天发射、卫星应用等领域的发展理念和模式正在重新建立。

由于沙漠、山脉和海洋等环境因素,全世界一半人口没有接入互联网,信息匮乏限制了当地经济文化发展。为此,航天科工提出建设“虹云工程”,以天基互联网接入为主要目标,基于低轨通信星座及其地面系统,与现有通信系统相辅相成,为“互联网+”战略实施和产业化发展搭建信息交互平台。

“以‘虹云工程’为代表构建的天基互联网,将是具有广阔前景的商业航天产业发展支撑平台,有助于培育‘互联网+’航天新兴产业。”航天科工二院二部虹云工程总设计师向开恒告诉记者,该工程是我国首次提出建立基于小卫星的低轨宽带互联网接入系统。小卫星、低轨和宽带的组合设置,完全契合商业发展需求。

按照规划,“虹云工程”被分解为“1+4+156”三步走战略:第一步,计划在2018年前,发射第一颗技术验证星,实现单星关键技术验证;第二步,到“十三五”末发射4颗业务试验星,组建一个小星座,让用户初步体验;第三步,到2022年实现全部156颗卫星组网运行,完成业务星座构建。

“未来5年至10年,通信卫星应该是商业航天的发展热点,也是最有可能出现大范围应用的领域。”向开恒透露,已有不少民营企业陆续和“虹云工程”建立合作关系,“我们的操作会灵活很多,不仅可以为用户提供技术支持,甚至将共享一些专利”。

打破信息壁垒,开放与共享的红利正在向更多企业释放。在航天科工打造的我国首个工业互联网云平台INDICS上,开辟出一片商业航天专区,面向全社会募集合作伙伴,集聚商业航天要素资源。如今,该专区里发布的协作配套需求涉及金额超过2亿元,交易额逾3000万元。在浩瀚的信息海洋中,商业航天发展的无限潜能正被逐步挖掘。

商业航天渐入佳境

当前,世界航天版图不断扩张。据统计,专门设有航天项目预算的国家已超过60个;进入21世纪以来,全球已诞生逾140家由天使或风险投资支持的新兴航天企业。过去5年间,平均每年就有约17家航天公司“破壳”而出。

与此同时,全球航天产业投资持续增长。“虽然目前产值仅占全球GDP的0.44%,但增速较快,且能带动全球GDP增加和技术发展,航天领域商机涌现。”中国航天科技集团公司总工程师孙为钢介绍,在国内,除航天科技、航天科工等传统航天单位外,已有越来越多的科研院所、民营公司涉足卫星制造、运营以及运载火箭研制等方面,航天产业的热度将只增不减。

在孙为钢看来,“由于科学技术特别是网络技术高速发展、普及,使得进入航天产业的门槛降低,航天事业已经从传统的服务国防、探索太空,转变为服务人类、推动世界经济增长的新热点”。

可以预见,未来商业航天将成为我国航天事业发展的坚实力量,也是落实“一带一路”倡议和深化国际合作的重要途径。“与‘一带一路’相关国家共同开发国际市场,在航天制造装备、地面应用产业、商业航天发射服务和共享网络基础设施建设等方面合作,开展航天产业园和信息港项目,将加快提升我国的空间信息产业市场化和国际化水平。”国防科工局总工程师田玉龙说。

据介绍,国防科工局正组织起草关于加快商业航天发展的指导意见,会同国家军地有关部门优先制定商业航天市场的准入标准、卫星数据资源共享、地面设施共用、商业卫星PPP模式,加强发射许可管理,强化宇航产品安全监管,鼓励多种市场主体参与商业航天,引导社会资本投资方向遵循相关政策,避免商业航天发展的盲目性和非理性投资、产能过剩,推动我国商业航天健康有序发展。(经济日报·中国经济网记者 郭静原)

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