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水资源税试点扩围密集筹备中 多地赴河北“取经”

2017-08-16 08:29:59   中国经济网

《经济参考报》记者日前从业内获悉,我国首个水资源税试点在河北实施满周年之际,日前,财政部等相关部委组织第三方机构对河北试点情况的评估已经完成。评估组认为河北省水资源税改革进展顺利平稳,成效明显,达到了试点预期目标,具有可推广性,为下一步扩大试点范围积累了经验。通过水资源税改革,税收调节社会用水需求的效应初步显现,一定程度上抑制了地下水超采,增强了社会特别是企业节约用水意识,对于水资源保护和节约使用将发挥积极作用。与此同时,水资源税试点分步扩围已经在密集筹备中,多地已赴河北“取经”。

作为我国首个水资源税试点,河北税改于2016年7月1日起正式启动,并于8月1日成功开出我国历史上第一张水资源税票。河北省财政厅副厅长李杰刚对记者介绍,推进一年多来,试点成效逐步显现,初步实现了预期目标。

一方面,征管漏洞得以堵塞,水资源税收入明显增长。受税收征收刚性和超采区地下水税额标准提高等因素影响,与试点前水资源费相比,水资源税收入增长明显。另一方面,试点一年来,税改“绿色”红利显现,用水户节水意识普遍增强,2016年全省总用水量比2015年减少4.6亿吨。

记者了解到,在河北的水资源税改制度设计中,实行差别税额标准。按照鼓励使用再生水,合理使用地表水,抑制使用地下水的原则设定税额标准。

地下水高于地表水,超采区高于非超采区,管网覆盖内高于管网覆盖外,对洗车、高尔夫等特种行业从高制定税额标准,对超限额农业生产用水从低制定税额标准。

据介绍,政策执行中,高耗水行业水资源利用成本大幅增加,倒逼企业调整生产用水方式,主动加大节水设备投入力度,提高水资源综合利用水平,减少生产耗水量。

作为用水大户的钢铁企业代表,河钢邯钢公司有关负责人告诉《经济参考报》记者,通过提高中水品质实现污水全回用、采用新技术对水系统进行技术改造等系列节水措施,目前年提水量约2568万吨,比2014年降低979万吨,降低率27.6%;比2015年和2016年降低各86万吨,降低率3.24%。“今年预计缴纳水资源税1284万元,与税改前相比,目前成本基本不变,不过未来超计划用水增多可能会构成压力,也倒逼我们要继续练内功节水增效。”

河北金环包装有限公司属于公共供水覆盖范围外且属于严重超采区,企业一直使用自备井取水,主要用途是厂区员工生活用水。虽然费改税后,该企业每立方米用水的成本上升,但企业通过减少浪费等节约用水,将年用水量由4000立方米降为3000多立方米,最后全年用水成本不升反降,不仅减少用水量,对于企业来说也节约了成本。

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