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今年投资超6000亿 上市公司为何青睐理财?

2017-08-16 06:43:17   中国经济网

新华社北京8月15日电 题:今年投资超6000亿 上市公司为何青睐理财?

新华社记者许晟、汪奥娜、刘洪明

广汇物流、杰克股份、皇庭国际……15日,又有多家上市公司发布将购买理财的公告,上市公司投资理财产品的热情高涨。Wind资讯数据显示,今年以来,截至8月14日,已有856家上市公司参与购买理财产品,投资总额6166.54亿元。

豪掷数十亿元甚至上百亿元购买理财产品的上市公司不在少数。如,今年上半年,新湖中宝、五矿资本与中国动力以超过100亿元的认购金额,在A股上市公司中排名买理财的“前三甲”;温氏股份、珠江啤酒、必康股份等164家企业认购理财的金额超10亿元。

有的上市公司频繁入手。吉比特自今年4月起频繁购买理财产品,短短三个月的时间里,吉比特及其子公司共买入42个理财产品,吉比特还公告将在未来使用不超过10亿元的闲置自有资金循环投资保本型理财产品。

同样频繁认购的还有很多企业。今年以来,恒生电子75次认购理财产品、新湖中宝71次认购、杰克股份65次认购。购买理财产品的上市公司中,目前持有10只及以上理财产品的有211家之多。

“上市公司用于购买理财的资金一般来源于两类:IPO和增发募集的资金;企业经营活动产生的自有资金。”深圳紫金港资本管理有限公司首席研究员陈绍霞说,由于项目进度等原因,相对于趴在账上吃银行利息,投资理财可以获得更多回报,上市公司有理财的需求。

上市公司投资的理财产品一般有两种:短期银行理财产品,一般期限在3个月左右,风险相对较小,收益率一般在4%上下;信托、资管等固收类产品,一般为1年至2年期,收益比短期银行理财更高,有些可以达到7%或以上。而与此同时,2年期银行存款利率仅为2%左右。

不少理财产品收益比企业主营业务利润率还高。国家统计局数据显示,2013年全国规模以上工业企业主营业务利润率为6.04%;2014年这一数字是5.91%,2015年是5.76%,2016年是5.97%,均低于部分资管类理财产品。

上市公司购买理财产品的金额逐年高涨。Wind资讯数据显示,2012年,整个A股上市公司合计购买理财产品的金额仅为71亿元,而到2013年增至1667亿元,2014年达到3474.7亿元,2015年进一步增加至5515亿元,到2016年已攀升至8170亿元。

但并不是说理财金额的提高便是资金的脱实向虚。“这要从理财产品的投向去分析,如果这些理财产品最终仍投向实体项目,那就不能说没有用于实体经济,如果继续投向金融产品,才有可能说是资金‘向虚’了。”信诚资本基金经理杨仲华说。

陈绍霞等业内人士认为,固然上市公司利用自有资金投资理财是市场因素的驱动,但毕竟上市公司属于公众公司,长期保留大量的现金而不分红,有可能涉及投资者回报不足问题;并且,如果定增募集的资金没有按时足量投向指定项目,就需要监管层有所关注。

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