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我国“绿色税收”体系进一步完善 环境保护税征管准备工作全面启动

2017-08-11 06:46:19   中国经济网

环境保护税法承载着落实绿色发展理念、促进生态环境保护的重任,社会各界对此高度关注。

作为一个新税种,环境保护税与其他税种存在较大差异,具有独特的征管特点和技术要求。此次三部门联合下发通知,意味着环境保护税征管准备工作全面启动

环境保护税法将于2018年1月1日起正式实施。近日,财政部、国家税务总局、环境保护部联合下发通知,要求各地全面做好环境保护税法实施准备工作。

去年12月,第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十五次会议审议通过《中华人民共和国环境保护税法》,这是党的十八届三中全会以来制定的第一部税法。环境保护税法承载着落实绿色发展理念、促进生态环境保护的重任,社会各界高度关注。

环境保护税法共六章,分别为总则、计税依据、应纳税额、税收优惠、征收管理、附则,全文28条。这部法律总体上是按照“税负平移”的原则,将现行排污费改为环境保护税。作为推进生态文明建设在财税领域落实的重大举措,环境保护税的开征进一步完善了我国的“绿色税收”体系。

此次三部门联合下发通知,意味着环境保护税征管准备工作全面启动。通知明确了环境保护税开征前各地需做的各项准备工作,要求加强组织领导,建立地方人民政府领导下的多部门协作工作机制,形成各司其职、齐抓共管的良好局面,确保环境保护税开征工作顺利启动、平稳推进。

环境保护税法规定,应税大气污染物和水污染物的具体适用税额的确定和调整,由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府统筹考虑本地区环境承载能力、污染物排放现状和经济社会生态发展目标要求,在该法所附《环境保护税税目税额表》规定的税额幅度内提出,报同级人民代表大会常务委员会决定,并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会和国务院备案。

通知要求,各地落实税法授权事项,确定本地区应税大气污染物和水污染物具体适用税额,以及应税污染物排放量抽样测算和核定征收方法。各级环保部门和税务部门要及时交接档案资料,实现税务、环保部门涉税信息数据交换共享;税务部门要全面摸清本地区税源情况,掌握税源底数,抓紧建立基础税源数据库。

作为我国现行税制体系中的新税种,环境保护税与目前税务机关征管的其他税种存在较大差异,具有独特的征管特点和技术要求。通知强调各级税务部门不仅要加强内部学习培训,使基层税务人员熟悉税法、了解政策、把握要求,还要广泛开展税法宣传,加强对纳税人的辅导培训,使纳税人能申报、会申报。

“环境保护税作为新税种,以污染排放量为计税依据,专业性强、监督检测困难,缺少可借鉴的征管经验,传统手段难以满足征管需要。”税务总局财产和行为税司有关负责人表示,环境保护税从征管准备到实施征收,都需要各地财政、环保、税务部门密切合作,实现信息共享,加强征管互助。

前不久税务总局和环境保护部已共同签署《环境保护税征管协作机制备忘录》,建立了部门层面的征管协作机制。协作机制重点明确了税务和环保部门合作的七大类工作任务,突出了当前做好环境保护税征管准备工作的关键事项,包括发布环境保护税征管技术规范,制定落实减免税政策的操作性文件,设计环境保护税纳税申报表等表证单书,开发建设税收核心征管系统和涉税信息共享平台,指导地方做好征前准备和档案资料交接,共同组织开展税法宣传、业务培训和纳税辅导,协调落实环境保护税征管协作的其他任务事项。

此次三部门联合下发通知,不仅明确各地征管准备工作事项要求,也将进一步巩固协作机制成果,形成内外联动部署、上下协同推进的良好工作局面。(经济日报记者 曾金华)

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