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千百年古树的启示

2017-08-10 16:46:38   中国经济网

一到云南德宏州的首府芒市,亚热带的气息扑面而来。给我印象最深刻的是,街道两旁种满了果树,芒果大道、菠萝蜜大道、桂圆大道等,街道被挂满累累硕果的果树装点。

据说这些水果摘下后,会拿到养老院分送给老人们,其余的会依次送给市民。在这个花开四季、果结终年的花果城市,从景观树到爱心行动,树始终是一个美丽而温暖的载体。

随着采访行程的铺开,我发现云南人对树尤其是古树有一种特殊情结。在芒市采访后谷咖啡,听到的不仅是全产业链的生态方式操作,也知道了在邻近的瑞丽市有一棵百年的咖啡树。咖啡树一般树龄只有30年,对百年咖啡树的探寻,成了后谷咖啡文化节上的一大亮点。

到了瑞丽市后,我曾在麻稞村见到这棵百年咖啡树,景颇族村民勒旺说,他们1972年把这棵树从弄贤村移植过来。这棵百年老树比一般的咖啡树茂盛高大许多,上面缀满了绿珍珠一样的咖啡果。

在滇西南的德宏州和保山市采访,见得最多的还是榕树,几乎有村寨的地方就有榕树,据说傣族都是依榕树而居,古榕树也是傣族人心目中的神树。在盈江县采访,听说在铜壁关自然保护区的亚热带雨林之中生长着一棵榕树王,已有300多年的树龄,它的树冠覆盖面积达5.5亩,远远望去,犹如一片小树林。人们认为只要大榕树枝繁叶茂,生活就会风调雨顺。

在腾冲市,有一家做高黎贡山生态茶产业的企业,更是把千年古树茶作为自己企业的一张“王牌”。十几年来,该企业一直巡访腾冲境内的深山老林,寻找百年古茶树。还曾组建了一支20人的探险队,去神秘莫测的高黎贡山腹地寻找大山深处德昂山寨的千年古茶树。德昂族被誉为“古老的茶农”,他们世代种茶,寨子里的茶树都是上千年没有移栽过的古茶树。“这里的每一片茶叶都有了穿越千年时空的香气与灵性”,一位当地人这样描述千年古树茶。

让我更为震撼的是腾冲市固东镇的银杏村,这里的银杏王有1300年的历史,全村有3万多株银杏树,上千年的就有60多株,在村里的房前屋后、道路两旁全是银杏树,每到秋季,一片金黄掩映着村庄人家,风光绝美。在村里,从祖辈开始就有种银杏树的传统,新娘嫁来这里,也要种一棵银杏树。银杏村早已成为当地最有名的旅游景点,村民们也已因银杏树走上了增收致富路。

顺应自然,敬畏自然,必然被自然所眷顾。云南人用绿色的生活方式,淬炼出绿色的发展方式,而绿色的发展方式又让他们的生活变得更加美好。

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