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无燃油车时代真的来了吗

2017-08-10 07:11:22   中国经济网

最近一段时间,禁售燃油车成为舆论关注的焦点话题。电动化是汽车工业发展的一大趋势,但到2030年电动化进程能否彻底取代内燃机,还有很大的不确定性。因此,当前既要大力发展电动汽车,也要通过科技进步,深挖传统汽油车节能潜力,只有两条腿都走起来,汽车产业才能行稳致远——

近来,多国宣布全面禁售燃油汽车时间表,个别车企也表示未来将只售电动汽车。有人认为,这将成为全球汽车发展新的风向标,新能源汽车有望迎来春天;但也有观点认为这事并不靠谱,不过是一些政客迎合选民的作秀,车企面向市场的姿态而已,燃油车与电动车将会长期共存。

为何欧洲成为此轮“禁售”急先锋?中国会全面停售传统燃油车吗?电动汽车能取代传统燃油车么?带着这些问题,经济日报·中国经济网记者作了采访。

多国宣布禁售时间表

“英国将于2040年起停止销售汽油和柴油汽车来减轻空气污染,到2050年,行驶在英国道路上的汽车将全部实现零排放。”7月27日,英国环境大臣迈克尔·戈夫在宣布这一决定时指出:“禁售决定迫在眉睫,因为汽油和柴油汽车已经给人类造成了严重的健康问题、破坏地球环境、影响下一代的生活。”

“从2040年开始,法国将全面禁止采用内燃机动力的汽车上路。”此前,法国新任环境部长尼古拉斯·霍洛(Nicolas Hulot)已宣布,法国政府将采取多项措施,鼓励公民用新车或二手车取代1997年以前生产的柴油车或2001年以前生产的汽油车,以使法国在2050年前成为碳零排放国家。

事实上,法国也不是全球第一个提出禁售燃油车计划的国家。早在2015年12月初,包括荷兰在内的一些欧洲国家就加入了“国际零排放车辆联盟”,承诺将在2050年以前让所售新车全部为新能源车型。

与此同时,一些车企也开始跟进。今年7月5日,沃尔沃汽车集团表示,从2019年开始,其新车型要么是全电动汽车,要么是混合动力汽车。沃尔沃CEO哈坎·萨穆埃尔松在声明中说:“汽车只用内燃机驱动,今天的声明标志着这个时代结束了。”丰田汽车也已宣布,将在2050年停售纯汽油车,未来丰田会逐渐推广混动车、燃料电池车和纯电动车。

禁售剑指柴油乘用车

为什么欧洲是此轮“禁售”急先锋?“虽然欧洲一些国家政府宣布2030年或者2040年、2050年禁止销售燃油汽车,但从目前的产业发展趋势来看,很难真正做到全面禁售。”汽车行业评论员张毅认为,燃油汽车还有着强大的生命力,即使禁止销售,也只是局限于某些大城市或某些车型,特别是柴油乘用车。

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