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我国自主研制国内最大直径硬岩掘进机下线 将用于亚洲第一长铁路山岭隧道
2017-08-07 23:03:21 中国经济网
中国经济网讯(记者 周斌)日前,我国自主研制的国内最大直径硬岩掘进机(TBM)“彩云号”在中铁电建总装车间下线,将用于亚洲第一长铁路山岭隧道——云南大理至瑞丽铁路(简称“大瑞铁路”)高黎贡山隧道。依托中国铁路总公司的科研项目,该设备填补了国内9米以上大直径硬岩掘进机的空白,将改写我国铁路长大隧道项目的机械化施工长期受制于人的历史。这也是国产硬岩掘进机首次应用于铁路隧道,标志着我国硬岩掘进机技术已经达到了世界领先水平。
自2014年12月29日开工建设的高黎贡山隧道,全长34.538千米,是大瑞铁路重点控制性工程,为中国最长的铁路隧道、亚洲最长的铁路山岭隧道,其地质情况之复杂全国罕见。据介绍,一方面隧道地质条件复杂,具有“三高”即高地热、高地应力、高地震烈度,“四活跃”即活跃的新构造运动、活跃的地热水环境、活跃的外动力地质条件和活跃的岸坡浅表改造过程的特征,几乎囊括了隧道施工的所有不良地质和重大风险,另一方面大自然鬼斧神工下所形成的高黎贡山,被誉为“物种基因库,自然博物馆,天然植物园,南北动植物交汇的走廊”,施工难度在目前世界隧道工程领域首屈一指。
隧道最大埋深达1155米,平均埋深800米,进口段穿越18种岩性、12条断层;出口段穿越8种岩性、7条断层,其中2条为活动断层,其地质条件的复杂多变程度放眼全国也十分罕见,堪称铁路建筑史上的“地质博物馆”。在这么复杂地质条件下,“彩云号”TBM的地底探秘之旅不禁令人十分期待,她与这座“地质博物馆”究竟将会产生怎样的精彩故事呢?
云南素有“彩云之南”之称,而高黎贡山隧道途经的德宏州则素有“孔雀之乡”的美称。因此,TBM研发设计人员将两者元素结合,别出心裁、创造性地对这台设备外观进行了特色呈现,以白色刀盘为底,用橙、黄、蓝、绿、紫五色绘出一只巨幅孔雀图案,远远看去,恰似一只开屏孔雀正在向人们展示她的魅力。而这台设备也有了一个极富特色的美丽名字——“彩云号”。
不过,“彩云号”TBM的创新可不仅仅体现在外观设计和命名上。面对高黎贡山如此复杂的地质条件,并且又是首次采用国内自主研制的TBM施工,中国铁路总公司高度重视、高度关注,特别设立了《复杂地质条件新型TBM研制及应用研究》重大科研课题,该研究课题由中铁隧道局集团牵头,中铁工程装备集团、石家庄铁道大学、中铁二院、中铁西南院共同参与,由中铁工程装备集团负责设备制造。
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