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中国“绿卡”便利化改革广纳天下英才

2017-08-04 12:40:11   中国经济网

中新社北京8月4日电 (周乾宪)中国“绿卡”,即外国人永久居留证,曾被称为世界上最难拿的“绿卡”之一。近年来,中国“绿卡”政策改革不断深入,申请更简便易行,含金量大幅提升,外籍华人也因此受益。

1985年,全国人大常委会通过《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法》。1986年,中国第一个外籍厂长、德国专家格里西成为首位获得永久居留资格的外国人。2004年,《外国人在中国永久居留审批管理办法》出台,中国“绿卡”在制度层面有了实施细则。曾在延安与中国人民共同迎来抗战胜利的美国农业专家寒春,是获得中国“绿卡”第一人。

根据公开信息梳理,自2004年中国实施“绿卡”制度以来至2013年,获得中国“绿卡”的外国人总数仅为7356人。而中国与全球化智库发布的《中国国际移民报告(2015)》显示,截至2013年,有84.85万外籍人员在中国居住。

较高的申请门槛,较长的审批周期,以及实际应用中较低的认可程度,中国“绿卡”似乎不那么便利。

2013年中国开始放宽外籍人员来华政策,出台了《外籍高层次人才来华提供签证及居留便利有关问题的通知》,对于无法在中国申请“绿卡”的人员,可办理2至5年有效的外国人居留证件。

到了2015年,上海、北京、广州、福建开始了新一轮“绿卡”制度改革,如北京中关村示范区出入境20条、上海科创中心出入境政策“新十条”、广东自贸区16项出入境措施等。其他省市如天津、辽宁、浙江、湖北等地的自贸区及全面创新改革示范区,也就京、沪、粤试点经验进行推广复制。

其中,外籍华人获得专属条款,为其归国创新创业提供了突破性的出入境和永久居留便利。如北京、上海对具有博士学历的外籍华人提供永久居留渠道,广东对广东籍外籍华人提供5年多次出入境签证等。

此后一年,中国“绿卡”获得人数大幅提高。公开数据显示,2016年公安部批准1576人获得中国“绿卡”,和2015年相比增加了163%。截至2016年,中国“绿卡”获得者人数破万。

从2017年6月16日起,公安部签发新版中国“绿卡”,将原有的“外国人永久居留证”更名为“外国人永久居留身份证”,凸显身份证明功能。

“新的外国人身份证,让我觉得和中国人一样生活在这里。”美籍教授柯道友回忆他2010年办中国“绿卡”的经历时不无感慨。“当时花了3年时间,提供了一百多页资料,从民政局、大使馆、公安部,到街道办派出所、居委会,往返美国多次,盖了近百个章,才办下来。”

而现在,“从提交材料到缴费成功,一共只用了一小时,50个工作日之后就能拿到了。”在俄罗斯亚洲工业企业家联合会中国代表处工作的外籍华人刘维宁说,新版身份证让他的出行和生活更便利。

中国人才研究会副会长沈荣华说,从一系列新政策的发布可以看出,中国的“绿卡”政策正以更为开放、积极、包容的态度逐渐完善,这有利于国家的人才引进、贸易流通和资源分享。

中国“绿卡”对包括外籍华人在内的海外人士意义非常,持续推进的中国“绿卡”便利化改革,显示出中国政府提出的“广纳天下英才”正在进入实施层面。(完)

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