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古丝绸之路青海道现千年干尸 容貌清晰胡须可见

2017-06-30 14:55:46   华龙网

近日,在柴达木盆地西缘的青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州茫崖镇,考古人员发现一具距今1700年左右的干尸,保存十分完好。据专家介绍,该干尸出土的地点位于古丝绸之路青海道上,是青藏高原上迄今发现保存最完整、年代最久远的一具干尸。

海西州民族博物馆馆长辛峰告诉记者,这具干尸因当地施工而被发现,出土时未着衣物,身长1.62米,男性,去世时年龄在40岁左右。其双手合于腹部,表情安详,全身皮肤虽已干瘪但保存十分完好,容貌清晰可辨,近看时还能发现胡须、毛发等。目前对于该干尸的人种和身份尚无定论,相关DNA检测仍在进行。

阿斯塔纳古墓群位于高昌北郊的戈壁荒滩上,是古时陆路丝绸之路的重地。图为在阿斯塔纳墓群中发现的张雄干尸(资料图 图源网络)

考古人员在挖掘现场还发现,该干尸身体上下都铺着芦苇,头脚两侧的泥土里插着竖立的木杆,除此之外,还有几块红、黄两色的布毡,以及一些马蹄、羊椎骨等。据初步判断,其生前家境应较为富足。

小河女干尸(资料图 图源网络)

北京大学考古文博学院副教授何嘉宁介绍,根据碳14测定,这具出土于茫崖的干尸距今约1735年。由于茫崖地处欧亚大陆腹地,远距海洋的同时受塔克拉玛干沙漠影响,加之海拔高、山脉交汇,这里风多雨少、含氧量低、蒸发量大,可使尸体埋葬后迅速脱水,同时抑制了细菌繁殖,为干尸的完好保存提供了条件。

“这具干尸是柴达木盆地乃至整个青藏高原迄今发现保存最完整、年代最久远的一具。”辛峰说。

据了解,该干尸生前处于魏晋南北朝时期。由于当时丝绸之路河西走廊段局势不稳,一部分中土及中亚商人取道日月山、青海湖、格尔木、茫崖、且末,一条新的商道逐渐兴盛。柴达木盆地已先后发现多个朝代的干尸,还出土过波斯金币、罗马银币等。

专家表示,随着相关研究、发现不断深入,这些文物或将还原、拼凑出古丝绸之路青海道昔日的繁荣景象。(记者吕雪莉、李亚光)

来源:新华社

责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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