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人类一万年前已会煮菜 科学家发现直接证据

2016-12-21 17:09:11   

据参考消息网12月21日报道,19日刊登的研究报告指出,人类在逾一万年前,就已开始使用陶锅烹煮野生植物,甚至比农业出现的时间更早。

12月19日法新社与《每日科学》网站报道,这项发现是目前证明人类加工植物作为食物,时间最早的直接证据。报道称,这些在利比亚发现的容器,留有少量野菜,如香蒲或山楂,以及无花果树的叶子与果实,还有肉桂、肉豆蔻与八角等香料。其中甚至包括水生植物,部分种类现今尚可取得。

学会烹饪对人类演化而言,是关键性的事件,这扩展我们饮食的范围,并能取得新的能量来源。这次发现的植物中,大部分在生食时具有毒性或难以消化。

人类一万年前已会煮菜 科学家揭露直接证据

没人知道我们的祖先从何时开始在篝火上烤肉,但最早的防火陶器可追溯至约1.5万年前。

大量证据显示,在出现煮熟如肉类或奶类等畜产品的证据后不久,人类就开始使用这些陶器。

但令人惊讶的是,这些厨房用具中却缺乏证明他们以同样方式处理野生植物的化学遗迹。

研究主要作者,英国布里斯托大学(University of Bristol)研究人员邓恩(Julie Dunne)表示:“在此之前,一直无法证明植物在史前饮食的重要性。”

她告诉法新社:“我们找到的是首次能证明烹饪植物的直接证据,看起来与北非发明陶器同时。”

这项研究刊登在国际线上期刊《自然-植物》(Nature Plants)。

邓恩说:“有些锅子看起来只用于处理植物,有些处理肉类,有些则用来处理两者的混合物。”

多数专家同意,人类历史上曾分别发明陶器两次,第一次是在约1.6万年前的东亚,第二次则是晚了4000年的北非。

邓恩也说:“制陶是项重要技术发明,这让人类能以不同的方式处理食材。”

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