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特朗普“否决”伊核问题全面协议

2017-10-15 07:57:54   

美国总统特朗普13日下午在白宫宣布,拒绝向国会证实伊朗遵守伊核问题全面协议,并公布美国最新对伊朗战略。

2015年7月,伊朗与伊核问题六国(美国、英国、法国、俄罗斯、中国和德国)达成伊核问题全面协议。根据协议,伊朗承诺限制其核计划,国际社会将解除对伊制裁,国际原子能机构负责督查伊朗履行协议情况。

按照美国国会通过的 《伊朗核协议评估法案》,美国总统必须每90天向国会递交一次报告,证明伊朗履行伊核协议。特朗普政府曾于今年4月和7月两次向国会证明伊朗履行协议,但这一次,特朗普选择了说“不”。

耐人寻味的是,特朗普这次选择了 《伊朗核协议评估法案》 中另一条款来行使“否决权”。该条款要求总统证明,根据伊核协议暂停制裁是“合适和适当的”措施,符合美国国家安全利益。特朗普称,根据事实,“不能也不会做这个认证”。分析指出,特朗普此举实际上是为了避免与国际社会公认伊朗遵守伊核协议的结论相冲突,而以比较空泛的“不符合美国国家安全利益”为由,主张恢复对伊制裁。

  欲加入更严厉的对伊遏制条款

特朗普的讲话意味着美国国会需要在60天内讨论是否恢复对伊朗的制裁。由于国际社会普遍认为伊核协议意义重大,因此特朗普此举相当于把球踢给国会,希望以威胁退出伊核协议为筹码,强迫相关国家在协议中追加遏制伊朗的条款。美国国务卿蒂勒森今年9月表示,如果要美国继续遵守伊核全面协议,必须改变当前协议内容。他声称美国对于伊核协议中的“日落条款”尤为关切。根据该条款,协议内对伊朗发展核计划的部分限制措施将于2030年自动终止。

特朗普表示,美国政府接下来将与国会密切合作,以处理伊核协议中存在的“多项缺陷”。他透露,国会领导人已经在起草相关法案,包括阻止伊朗发展洲际弹道导弹,永久限制伊朗核活动等。特朗普表示,如果政府不能与国会及美国盟友达成新的解决方案,美国也做好了退出伊核协议的准备。

特朗普当天在讲话中还详细阐述了最新对伊政策。他称对伊新政是“基于对伊朗独裁、支持恐怖主义及在中东及世界各地持续侵略行为的清醒评估”。

特朗普批评奥巴马政府“在伊朗政权彻底崩溃之前”通过了伊核协议,并称该协议是“美国有史以来最糟糕、最片面的交易之一”。他指责伊核协议未能完全、永久限制伊朗的核计划,却让伊朗获得了1000亿美元资金,用以刺激财政和“资助恐怖主义”。

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