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没有永远的敌人 法塔赫、哈马斯再签和解协议

2017-10-14 06:57:54   

巴勒斯坦民族解放运动(法塔赫)与巴勒斯坦伊斯兰抵抗运动(哈马斯)12日在埃及首都开罗签署一份新的和解协议。按照协议,哈马斯将在12月1日前向法塔赫领导的和解政府移交所有在加沙地带的管理权。消息人士说,巴勒斯坦总统、法塔赫中央委员会主席马哈茂德·阿巴斯将“很快”前往加沙地带。

法塔赫与哈马斯的代表团在开罗举行了为期两天的会谈,商讨加沙地带权力移交步骤。12日,在埃及方面见证下,哈马斯的“二把手”萨拉赫·阿鲁里与法塔赫负责和解事务的官员阿扎姆·艾哈迈德签署和解协议,并举行简短签字仪式。

阿巴斯很快作出回应,“欢迎”双方签署协议,并称这是一份结束巴勒斯坦分裂的“最终协议”。

协议的具体内容尚未公开。法新社报道,外界焦点目前在联合政府的组建上,巴勒斯坦各政治派别定于11月21日在埃及召开会议,商讨此事。

一名不愿公开姓名的法塔赫官员说,阿巴斯正计划前往加沙地带,这将是他在巴勒斯坦分裂10年后首次到加沙。

由于哈马斯今年3月成立“行政管理委员会”管理加沙,激怒阿巴斯,后者随即对哈马斯采取了一系列惩罚措施,包括停止为加沙支付电费等。法塔赫官员扎卡里亚 ·阿迦告诉法新社,这些惩罚措施将很快被取消。

关于哈马斯兵权、公务员安置、边界口岸控制权等敏感问题,双方据信将成立几个委员会专门处理。熟悉谈判的消息人士称,其中一个委员会将负责在4个月内遴选可以被安置到联合政府的哈马斯公务员。还有一个委员会将负责从约旦河西岸的警察中选拔3000人,与哈马斯的加沙警力整合到一起。

双方还同意由法塔赫领导的和解政府管理加沙地带南部与埃及边境的拉法口岸,这一口岸目前由哈马斯控制,欧洲国家将派人监督这一交权过程。

不过最敏感的哈马斯兵权问题依然悬而未决,双方在这次开罗会谈中没有谈妥。法塔赫要求哈马斯交出兵权,成立统一的武装和政权。哈马斯则坚持拥兵,保留抵抗武装。

哈马斯上个月宣布解散掌握加沙地带管理权的“行政管理委员会”,同意由巴勒斯坦和解政府接管加沙地带并行使行政权力,给巴勒斯坦统一带来曙光。

2007年,法塔赫与哈马斯爆发冲突。哈马斯通过武力从法塔赫手中夺取加沙地带控制权,法塔赫实际控制约旦河西岸地区。

2011年5月,在埃及斡旋下,法塔赫和哈马斯在开罗签署和解协议。2012年2月,双方在卡塔尔签署“多哈宣言”。2014年4月,两派宣布执行上述协议,但未能落实,和解进程搁置。(王宏彬)(新华社专特稿)

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