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美国务院:将于2018年底退出联合国教科文组织

2017-10-12 21:36:54   

美国国务院发言人希瑟·诺尔特在一份声明中表示,美国将于2018年底退出联合国教科文组织,因为该组织存在针对以色列的偏见。

希瑟·诺尔特表示,这一决定并不轻率,美国不但考虑到对拖欠会费的忧虑,还认为该组织迫切需要改革,最重要的原因是,该组织中存在针对以色列的偏见。她表示,该决定将于2018年12月31日生效。

据此前报道,11日,美国《外交政策》杂志透露,美国政府最早于下周宣布退出联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)的决定,原因是为了节省经费。美国国务卿蒂勒森在9月联合国大会期间向法方传达了这一决定。但法国则希望美国将继续留在教科文组织,认为“美国必须致力于世界事务。”美国曾于1984年直接宣布退出教科文组织,后又重返该组织。

据美国《外交政策》杂志报道,美国国务卿蒂勒森于几周前作出了这一决定。他在9月份联合国大会期间告诉正同美国总统特朗普会谈的法国总统马克龙,美国正考虑退出联合国教科文组织。美媒表示,这个“剧目”将最早于下周真实上演。此后,美国将以观察员国身份继续在教科文组织保持影响。

联合国教科文组织于10月4日开启选举下任总干事的程序,目前共有8名候选人参与竞逐,热门人选有法国的奥黛丽·阿祖莱,埃及的哈塔卜等。法国总统马克龙正寻求特朗普对法国候选人的支持。美国国务院想推迟这一举动直到教科文组织于本周选出新的总干事。

其实,美国和教科文组织的“恩怨”由来已久。1984年12月,美国就直接宣布退出该组织。当时,美国是共和党强硬派总统里根执政。不过,“9·11”事件后,美国更加感到重塑和联合国关系的重要。2002年9月12日,美国总统布什在第57届联大一般性辩论中发言时宣布,美国将重新加入联合国教科文组织。2003年,时隔19年之后,美国重返教科文组织。

2011年,美国曾以国内法律限制为由停止向联合国教科文组织缴费,当年即砍掉了8000万美元的会费,占教科文组织预算的22%。美国因此丧失了在联合国教科文组织大会的投票权。该机构批准联合国教科文组织的预算,并制定一系列涉及全球教育、科学和文化的方案。

美媒表示,美国不缴会费的后果是,拖欠的会费年年膨胀。如今美国已拖欠联合国教科文组织会费5亿美元。蒂勒森想停止“流血”。

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