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中国造船业前9月订单稳居世界第一 远超韩国日本

2017-10-11 17:21:53   

上海外高桥造船有限公司自行研发设计的超大型全冷式液化石油气运输船。

近期,一系列世界之最、亚洲之最船舶的建成或订单的落地让中国造船业再次成为全球焦点。韩国《亚洲经济》报道称,据海运状况调查机构英国克拉克松公司11日消息,今年1-9月,全球海运累计订货量1593万CGT(573艘),较去年同期(979万CGT,438艘)增加614万CGT。从各国的累计订货量来看,中国共计509万CGT(217艘)、韩国405万(133艘)、日本147万CGT(76艘)。

实际上,韩联社9月也曾报道,今年1-8月,中国以累计422万CGT(195艘)的订单量位居世界第一,韩国以348万CGT(104艘)位列第二。

中国加速进军邮轮市场

9月29日,韩国《亚洲经济》网站曾以《中国“蚕食”邮轮市场韩企失去竞争力干瞪眼》为题报道称,据英国造船海运调查机构克拉克森消息,今年1-8月,全球邮轮累计订单为23艘,同比增长了49%。同时期,超大型原油运输船(VLCC)订单为32艘,AFRAMAX级船舶订单为38艘。相比之下,邮轮的数量虽然较少,但其订单金额却达156亿美元,占到了总体的40%左右。

邮轮和海洋成套设备是具有代表性的高附加值船舶,专门生产邮轮的欧洲造船厂即使只有10多艘邮轮订单,业绩也可以与韩国及日本等竞争国家比肩。

报道称,中国正在加速进军巨大的邮轮市场,特别是今年取得了令人瞩目的成果。2月拿到金额达15亿美元的邮轮订单,3月又成功接到了11艘邮轮订单,正在慢慢“蚕食”此前由欧洲垄断的市场。相反,韩国STX造船海洋却将旗下的STX France、STX Finland等邮轮造船厂全部出售。

造船业相关人士说:“除STX造船原来在欧洲的子公司外,韩国几乎没有进军邮轮市场的造船企业,债权团方面太心急于抛售子公司,反而失去了竞争力。”

韩国造船业的“切肤之痛”

8月20日,造船海运媒体“Trade Winds”报道,法国海运公司(CMA-CGM)与中国两家造船公司签署了建造意向书,订单包括9艘2.2万TEU级(1TEU等于1个20英尺长的集装箱)的超大型集装箱船,每艘造价最高可达1.6亿美元(人民币约10亿元),9艘船只的总订单额达到了约96亿元人民币。

对此,韩国《中央日报》刊文称,韩国造船业期待已久的超大型集装箱船订单落入了中国手中。称造船与海运行业的景气好不容易有所恢复,面对难得一见的超大型船只建造订单,却被中国抢走了生意,韩国造船行业普遍感到了“切肤之痛”。

报道称,韩国现代重工业公司、三星重工业公司和大宇造船海洋公司等韩国三大造船公司集体参与了这场订单竞争,韩国业界也曾一度预测现代重工业公司有望拿下订单。

但结果却打破了韩国公司的预期,中国造船公司完胜韩国。对此,韩国大型造船公司的相关人士说,难得一见的大规模订单被中国夺走,虽然令人遗憾,但不可否认的是,中国造船产业已经在技术上追上韩国。韩国产业研究院预测,韩国造船产业的竞争力最多再有2至3年,就会被中国企业赶超。(综编/海外网朱箫)

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