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欧洲文化遗产日为何在法国拥有超高人气

2017-09-19 17:01:55   光明网

  【延伸阅读】

新华社记者 张曼

法国16日至17日迎来第34届欧洲文化遗产日活动,全国各地有1.7万余处名胜古迹向游客敞开大门,以提高公众认识和保护历史文化遗产的自觉性。

活动期间,法国各地公立博物馆供游人免费参观,私立博物馆推出门票折扣。开放地点既有总统府、总理府、议会等机构,也有公园、花园、教堂、剧场及部分私人建筑等,且每年都会有新机构参与,今年中国驻法国大使馆也首次在遗产日活动期间对公众开放。

9月17日,在法国巴黎,一位女士在中国大使馆内的孟德斯鸠公馆参观。新华社发

欧洲文化遗产日今年以“青年与遗产”为主题,希望促进青年一代了解和保护文化遗产。遗产日深受法国民众喜爱,每年约有1200万民众参加这场文化盛宴,活动前夕各大媒体都纷纷推出参观攻略。遗产日缘何拥有超高人气?

首先,遗产日是民众近距离接触“高冷”文化遗产的良机。法兰西岛大区行政长官米歇尔·卡多在遗产日启动仪式上说,1984年法国政府发起遗产日活动时,这一倡议在当时看来十分大胆,“向公众开放总统府、总理府让人难以想象”。但遗产日让公众能够走进这些“高冷”的文化遗产,在街道上经过它们不再觉得陌生和遥远,民众现在是发自内心期待遗产日,期待“文化遗产发现之旅”。

此外,不少博物馆以特展方式迎接遗产日,吸引了大批游客。凡尔赛宫博物馆负责人卡特琳·佩加尔对记者说:“遗产日能够让参观者有机会一睹罕见藏品,切身感受到我们的文化遗产并不是封存在库房,而是散发着活力。”

她强调,遗产日的吸引力在于文化遗产的永久生命力。“参观者愿意在遗产日走进文化遗产,因为我们的文化遗产并没有在岁月中静止,而是一直富有生命力,比如凡尔赛宫影响着一代又一代创造者,直到今日也是法国艺术、美食、时尚等的灵感来源。”

遗产日在得到民众热烈响应时,也促进了文化遗产的保护与传承。法国国家古迹中心主席菲利普·贝拉瓦尔表示,缺乏公众参与是文化遗产保护最大的“敌人”之一,而遗产日每年吸引1200万名参观者,能有效加强公众和文化遗产的联系,引导公众参与文化遗产保护。

佩加尔说,当参观者在遗产日走进文化遗产修复现场时,不仅能欣赏到艺术家的杰作,也可感受遗产保护行业匠人们的高超技艺,从而唤起民众尤其是青年对遗产保护和修复的关注。

欧洲文化遗产日活动起源于法国。在时任法国文化部长雅克·朗的推动下,从1984年起,每年9月的第三个周日为法国文化遗产日,不少法国历史文化遗产免费向公众开放。从1992年起更名为欧洲文化遗产日,在每年9月的第三个周末举行。举办遗产日活动的目的是为了让更多人了解、热爱进而保护人类历史文化遗产。如今,遗产日活动已经扩展到欧洲各国,成为欧洲的一项重要文化活动。

  (新华社巴黎9月17日电)

《光明日报》( 2017年09月19日 10版)

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